Collectivisation

Question 1

Why was collectivisation introduced?

Answer 1

Reduce the number of peasants because they were too powerful

Food shortages

Question 2

What were kolkhoz?

Answer 2

Collective farms where peasants were given no wage but allowed to keep private plot

Question 3

Sovkhoz

Answer 3

State farms where peasants were paid by the state

Question 4

Advantages of collectivisation

Answer 4

Larger units of land could be farmed through mechanism because machinery was supplied by the state

Mechanised agriculture means fewer peasants and more factory workers for rapid industrialisation and peasants are less influential

Easier to procure grain needed for cities and exporting

MTS acts as surveillance tool for political control

Question 5

Disadvantages of collectivisation

Answer 5

Quotas were unrealistic causing resistance

Exploitation of peasantry is not adhering to the ideology

Some resitance and resentment

Question 6

What was the harvest in 1930

Answer 6

83.5 million tonnes (anomaly)

Question 7

Grain harvest in 1930 vs 1931-4

Answer 7

1930: 83.5 million tonnes

1931-4: averaged at 69 million tonnes