colic Flashcards
where do gastric ulcers occur
80% in non-glandular area of the stomach and 20% in the glandular area of the stomach
risk factors of gastric ulcers
stress (transportation, housing, social order), nutrition (feeding, frequency), disease, adult horses in training, foals, medications (NSAIDs)
clinical signs of ulcers
weight loss, dull hair coat, poor performance, poor appetite, behavioral changes-pain, recurring colic
diagnosis of ulcers
physical exam/bloodwork, response to treatment, endoscopy (esophagus, stomach, duodenum)
treatment of ulcers
omeprazol (gastroguard-SID), ranitidine (zantac-BID-TID), cemitidine (tegament-TID), antacids (Neigh-lox-q2hr), sucralfate (carafate-BID-QID), address management or training issues, modify diet, treatment duration variable
what is colic?
non-specific term for abdominal pain, gastrointestinal, non-gastrointestinal (uterus, kidneys etc)
clinicals signs of mild colic
inappetence, pawing, looking at sides/flanks, biting at side/flank, frequently up and down, recumbency, mild sweating, “parking out”
clinical signs of severe colic
anorexia, dull attitude/depressed, agitation/restlessness, distended abdomen, rolling, thrashing, self-inflicting trauma, sweating
what causes GI Pain?
tension or mesentary, distended bowl, bowel ischemia or infection, smooth muscle spasms, adhesions, peritonitis (infection of the abdominal cavity)
general risk factors for colic
anatomy, management practices, sand, weather, diet/nutrition, cribbing, pregnancy, NSAIDs
NoN-GI causes of colic
hepatic disease, renal/urinaty tract disease, reproductive tract, laminitis, pleuropneumonia, mycopathy, peritonitis, neoplasia, internal abscesses, ruptured baldder, toxic causes
GI causes of medical colic
primary lymphanic colic (gas), spasmodic colic, impaction/sand, proximal enteritis, most left dorsal displacement, mild right dorsal displacement, gastric or duodenal ulcers
GI causes of surgical colic
enterolithiasis (Ca stone in horse’s gut), pedunculated lipomas, right dorsal displacement, intestinal volvulus, intussusception, hernias, mesenteric rents, mesodiverticular bands, epiploic entrapment
tympanic colic
gas distention or flatulent colic, abdominal distention, passage of large amounts of gas, primary timpani due to microbial fermentation of lush pasture, grain or pelleted feed, secondary timpani due to obstruction of cecum or colon=more serious!, may want to walk the horse
spasmodic colic
spasms and hyper motility of the intestinal tract, loud/frequent gut sounds, bouts of sharp pain, hyper-excitable horses are predisposed, cause unknown (imbalance of autonomic nervous system?, gut irritation by parasites, enterics, bad feed?), very common cause of colic, responsive to NSAIDs (ban amine), spontaneous recovery likely