Colic

Question 1

hangs itself in the renal spleen

Answer 1

colon

Question 2

simply an abdominal pain but not a dx; just a symptom

Answer 2

colic

Question 3

common predisposing factors of colic

Answer 3

• diet change
• activity change
• vaccination
• pregnancy
• transport
• fever

Question 4

excessive gas formation = ________

Answer 4

endotoxemia

Question 5

• a disease characterized by mucosal ulceration and edema that is localized to the right dorsal colon
• considered one of the more severe adverse effects associated with the use of NSAIDs, particularly phenylbutazone

Answer 5

RDC (right dorsal colitis)

Question 6

___________ in large horses
___________ in miniature horse

Answer 6

1. nephrosplenic entrapment
2. small colon impaction

Question 7

stops eating when in pain but continues when it vanishes

Answer 7

intermittent eating pattern

Question 8

most horses stop eating during ________ colic

Answer 8

acute colic

Question 9

bpm of:
_____ mild colic
_____ moderate colic
_____ sever colic

Answer 9

1. 50-60
2. 70-80
3. > 80

Question 10

common signs of colic

Answer 10

rolling
pawing

Question 11

sound indicating abnormal bowel motility

Answer 11

borborygmi

Question 12

borborygmi sound is stronger on the _______

Answer 12

left dorsal and left ventral colon

Question 13

left flank sound

Answer 13

crumpling paper, bubbles

Question 14

right flank sound

Answer 14

dripping water

Question 15

performed during auscultation to find pockets of gas and can detect cecal tympany on right side or large colon distention or displacement on left side

Answer 15

percussion

Question 16

passage of tube directly into the stomach that yields a net reflux

Answer 16

nasogastric intubation

Question 17

large acidic volumes indicate ________

Answer 17

pyloric/duodenal blockage

Question 18

yellow brown color w/ fetid odor, pH 6-8 suggests ______

Answer 18

SI blockage

Question 19

most help diagnostic procedure and aid in determining the diagnosis and need for sx

Answer 19

rectal exam

Question 20

done in ventral midline w/ 18G needle or blunt tipped cannula

Answer 20

abdominal paracentesis

Question 21

orange to serosanguineous indicates _____________________

Answer 21

ischemic bowel w/ leakage thru capillaries

Question 22

large volumes of dark brown or green fluid, feed, mineral oil, sand indicate _________

Answer 22

rupture

Question 23

cloudy, opaque indicates _______

Answer 23

large # of WBC

Question 24

fibrinogen >10 mg/dL indicates _________

Answer 24

acute inflammation

Question 25

the peritoneal fluid can increase in volume and protein content due to lymphatic or venous obstruction

Answer 25

displaced or strangulated bowel

Question 26

red cells and hemoglobin are present in the fluid due to vascular occlusion

Answer 26

necrotic bowel

Question 27

increased numbers of RBCs + increased WBC count of the fluid

Answer 27

strangulation

Question 28

increase in WBC and protein content w/out and increase in RBC/Hb

Answer 28

Iatrogenic, abdominal abscesses or thromboembolism

Question 29

no changes in peritoneal fluid

Answer 29

obstruction of bowel without vascular strangulation or necrosis

Question 30

increased WBCs, protein and fecal material

Answer 30

ruptured bowel

Question 31

diagnostic tool that is best for use in foals and other small horses

Answer 31

radiography

Question 32

best for diagnosing gastric ulcers

Answer 32

endoscopy

Question 33

safest NSAIDs

Answer 33

flunixin (not hallucinogenic)

Question 34

opioid agonists

Answer 34

oxymorphone
meperidine
butorphanol

Question 35

alpha2 agonists

Answer 35

xylazine
detomidine

Question 36

spasmolytics

Answer 36

atropine - can cause colic due to ileus
scopolamine - relaxes bowel wall

Question 37

it is used to maintain body water, electrolytes, acid-base balance and osmolarity within physiologically tolerable limits and it is best administered via indwelling catheter

Answer 37

fluid therapy