Colic Flashcards
hangs itself in the renal spleen
colon
simply an abdominal pain but not a dx; just a symptom
colic
common predisposing factors of colic
- diet change
- activity change
- vaccination
- pregnancy
- transport
- fever
excessive gas formation = ________
endotoxemia
- a disease characterized by mucosal ulceration and edema that is localized to the right dorsal colon
- considered one of the more severe adverse effects associated with the use of NSAIDs, particularly phenylbutazone
RDC (right dorsal colitis)
___________ in large horses
___________ in miniature horse
- nephrosplenic entrapment
- small colon impaction
stops eating when in pain but continues when it vanishes
intermittent eating pattern
most horses stop eating during ________ colic
acute colic
bpm of:
_____ mild colic
_____ moderate colic
_____ sever colic
- 50-60
- 70-80
- > 80
common signs of colic
rolling
pawing
sound indicating abnormal bowel motility
borborygmi
borborygmi sound is stronger on the _______
left dorsal and left ventral colon
left flank sound
crumpling paper, bubbles
right flank sound
dripping water
performed during auscultation to find pockets of gas and can detect cecal tympany on right side or large colon distention or displacement on left side
percussion
passage of tube directly into the stomach that yields a net reflux
nasogastric intubation
large acidic volumes indicate ________
pyloric/duodenal blockage
yellow brown color w/ fetid odor, pH 6-8 suggests ______
SI blockage
most help diagnostic procedure and aid in determining the diagnosis and need for sx
rectal exam
done in ventral midline w/ 18G needle or blunt tipped cannula
abdominal paracentesis
orange to serosanguineous indicates _____________________
ischemic bowel w/ leakage thru capillaries
large volumes of dark brown or green fluid, feed, mineral oil, sand indicate _________
rupture
cloudy, opaque indicates _______
large # of WBC
fibrinogen >10 mg/dL indicates _________
acute inflammation
the peritoneal fluid can increase in volume and protein content due to lymphatic or venous obstruction
displaced or strangulated bowel
red cells and hemoglobin are present in the fluid due to vascular occlusion
necrotic bowel
increased numbers of RBCs + increased WBC count of the fluid
strangulation
increase in WBC and protein content w/out and increase in RBC/Hb
Iatrogenic, abdominal abscesses or thromboembolism
no changes in peritoneal fluid
obstruction of bowel without vascular strangulation or necrosis
increased WBCs, protein and fecal material
ruptured bowel
diagnostic tool that is best for use in foals and other small horses
radiography
best for diagnosing gastric ulcers
endoscopy
safest NSAIDs
flunixin (not hallucinogenic)
opioid agonists
oxymorphone
meperidine
butorphanol
alpha2 agonists
xylazine
detomidine
spasmolytics
atropine - can cause colic due to ileus
scopolamine - relaxes bowel wall
it is used to maintain body water, electrolytes, acid-base balance and osmolarity within physiologically tolerable limits and it is best administered via indwelling catheter
fluid therapy
