Cole's Immunology

Question 1

Three types of PRRs

Answer 1

1. Signaling (TLRs)
2. Cytosolic (NLR)
3. Endocytic/Membrane-bound (C-type lectins, Sugars, Lipids, Complement binders)

Question 2

Two steps for C3b opsonization

Answer 2

1. Bind to CR1
2. Get a second signal (like C5a)

Question 3

Graves Disease

Answer 3

• G&C Type II
• Hyperthyroidism
• abs against TSH receptor

Question 4

KIRS and Lectinlike CD94/NKG

Answer 4

Two types of receptors that make sure NK cells don’t kill normal cells.

Question 5

What complement protein is the highest amount in the blood?

Answer 5

C3

Question 6

Acute Rhuematic Fever

Answer 6

• Group A Strep & M-heart protein have similar ganglioside
• Body attacks and causes fever

Question 7

What are the two C3 convertases?

Answer 7

1. C4b2a for classical and MBL
2. C3bBb for alternative

Question 8

What are the three Complement pathways?

Answer 8

1. Classical
2. MB-Lectin
3. Alternative

Question 9

Coxsackie B4 and Cytomega virus share a ganglioside with ___ cells, and so they cause ____

Answer 9

islet cells, diabetes

Question 10

CD19

Answer 10

Part of B-Cell receptor

Question 11

What are the serine proteases for the MBL pathway?

Answer 11

• MASP-1 and MASP-2
• MASP-2 cleaves C4 and C2

Question 12

Five Immuno-Escaping Mechanisms

Answer 12

1. Downreg MHCs
2. Alter/Swallows ab’s
3. Tolerize cells (remove co-stim)
4. Hijack Immuno regs (IL-10)
5. Physical barrier (collagen)

Question 13

What are the top 3 Complement proteins that mediate inflammation?

Answer 13

1. C3A
2. C5A
3. c4a does it too, but not as good

Question 14

Mouse Polyoma, Sarcoma, and Hepatitisi B are manifestations which resulted from a ____-induced TSA with varied antigens

Answer 14

Virally

Question 15

Methylcholanthrene

Answer 15

A Chemical Inducing TSA, leads to varied antigens

Question 16

Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 16

• G&C Type II
• Ach receptor blocked by antibody

Question 17

Guillane Barre

Answer 17

• Uses Both Abs and T-cells to attack nerve
• Campylobacter shares nerve ganglioside
• Causes Paralysis

Question 18

Four main immunoprivleged sites

Answer 18

1. Brain
2. Testis
3. Uterus
4. Eyes

Question 19

Three approaches for cancer treatment

Answer 19

1. CARS, T-Targets
2. Abs, W/w/o toxin/radionuc
3. Lymphos from own tumor get activated with GM-CSF or Co-stim gene

Question 20

What are the serine proteases for Alternative pathway?

Answer 20

• B and D
• Uses Properdin
• Directly interact with pathogen surfaces

Question 21

Gamma-delta T-cell

Answer 21

• Doesn’t have typical alpha beta chain
• Recognizes MICs (cells stress markers)
• Helps kills AND replace cells

Question 22

CD16

Answer 22

Macrophage/NK ADCC receptor (Not MHC-restricted)

Question 23

Negative Selection

Answer 23

Removal of Auto-reactive

Question 24

MAGE-1, MUC-1, PSA, p53

Answer 24

Silent cellular genes which create proteins that are TSAs because normal cells aren’t expected to produce them.

Question 25

B7

Answer 25

Co-Stim found on APCs, interacts with CD28 on T-Cell to activate and promote class-switch

Question 26

3 Types of Tumor-Specific Antigens

Answer 26

1. Chemically induced, result in Varied unique antigens
2. Virally induced, result in Shared antigens
3. Silent genes, not expressed by normal cells