Cole's Immunology Flashcards
Three types of PRRs
- Signaling (TLRs)
- Cytosolic (NLR)
- Endocytic/Membrane-bound (C-type lectins, Sugars, Lipids, Complement binders)
Two steps for C3b opsonization
- Bind to CR1
- Get a second signal (like C5a)
Graves Disease
- G&C Type II
- Hyperthyroidism
- abs against TSH receptor
KIRS and Lectinlike CD94/NKG
Two types of receptors that make sure NK cells don’t kill normal cells.
What complement protein is the highest amount in the blood?
C3
Acute Rhuematic Fever
- Group A Strep & M-heart protein have similar ganglioside
- Body attacks and causes fever
What are the two C3 convertases?
- C4b2a for classical and MBL
- C3bBb for alternative
What are the three Complement pathways?
- Classical
- MB-Lectin
- Alternative
Coxsackie B4 and Cytomega virus share a ganglioside with ___ cells, and so they cause ____
islet cells, diabetes
CD19
Part of B-Cell receptor
What are the serine proteases for the MBL pathway?
- MASP-1 and MASP-2
- MASP-2 cleaves C4 and C2
Five Immuno-Escaping Mechanisms
- Downreg MHCs
- Alter/Swallows ab’s
- Tolerize cells (remove co-stim)
- Hijack Immuno regs (IL-10)
- Physical barrier (collagen)
What are the top 3 Complement proteins that mediate inflammation?
- C3A
- C5A
- c4a does it too, but not as good
Mouse Polyoma, Sarcoma, and Hepatitisi B are manifestations which resulted from a ____-induced TSA with varied antigens
Virally
Methylcholanthrene
A Chemical Inducing TSA, leads to varied antigens
Myasthenia Gravis
- G&C Type II
- Ach receptor blocked by antibody
Guillane Barre
- Uses Both Abs and T-cells to attack nerve
- Campylobacter shares nerve ganglioside
- Causes Paralysis
Four main immunoprivleged sites
- Brain
- Testis
- Uterus
- Eyes
Three approaches for cancer treatment
- CARS, T-Targets
- Abs, W/w/o toxin/radionuc
- Lymphos from own tumor get activated with GM-CSF or Co-stim gene
What are the serine proteases for Alternative pathway?
- B and D
- Uses Properdin
- Directly interact with pathogen surfaces
Gamma-delta T-cell
- Doesn’t have typical alpha beta chain
- Recognizes MICs (cells stress markers)
- Helps kills AND replace cells
CD16
Macrophage/NK ADCC receptor (Not MHC-restricted)
Negative Selection
Removal of Auto-reactive
MAGE-1, MUC-1, PSA, p53
Silent cellular genes which create proteins that are TSAs because normal cells aren’t expected to produce them.
B7
Co-Stim found on APCs, interacts with CD28 on T-Cell to activate and promote class-switch
3 Types of Tumor-Specific Antigens
- Chemically induced, result in Varied unique antigens
- Virally induced, result in Shared antigens
- Silent genes, not expressed by normal cells
