Cold War Study Guide 2

Question 1

Who said this quote: “Communism looks good on paper, unless the paper is a history book”

Answer 1

Rainer Zitelmann

Question 2

Finish this quote: “Communism looks good on paper…”

Answer 2

…unless the paper is a history book”

Question 3

Why did Rainer Zitelmann Say this quote?

Answer 3

Socialist/Communist experiments have failed 24/24 times across 5 continents in the last 100 years. (from The Power of Capitalism by RZ)

Question 4

What was guns and butter

Answer 4

LBJ wanted to expand the military. What they called LBJ’s plan to spend a lot on domestic problems and the military. You could only really have guns or butter. Guns and butter: military and domestic welfare spending.

Question 5

Who was Ho Chi Minh

Answer 5

President of Northern Vietnam, turned dictator
Communist leader of north vietnam who has the Soviet Union and north korea on their side. He was the “Washington” of north and south vietnam because he led the independence war against FRANCE.

Question 6

Define: Imperialism

Answer 6

a policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

Question 7

What is the domino theory

Answer 7

If one country falls to communism, others will follow
Made by Dwight Eisenhower
Before LBJ started the Vietnam war in 1965, JFK was sending advisors to Vietnam to stop it from becoming all communist (he believed in the Truman doctrine). The principle that spun from containment was called the Domino Theory.

Question 8

What was the Gulf of Tonkin incident?

Answer 8

Led the US deeper into a quarrel with Vietnam and it was an accidental encounter with Vietnamese battleships and it was a brief fight. Any other occurrences were misinformation and false. The event that led to the start of the Vietnam war with the US was the Gulf of Tonkin Incident.

Question 9

What was the Tet Offensive

Answer 9

This was done on a holiday, which was supposedly a rest day for all, but north vietnam surprisingly attacked.
Tuning point in War, led public opinion against it.
Jan. 1, 1968 (turning point of American public opinion on the war of vietnam)
It sparked protests (even in colleges) LBJ was not running for president. Bobby was running for president but was killed. The 60s was the hippie movement.
Another name for the group of young people during the 60s was called counter culture.

Question 10

Who created the theme song of cancel culture

Answer 10

Bob dylan

Question 11

What was “phased withdrawal”

Answer 11

The US should do a phased withdrawal from South Korea because it will stay divided and there is no use authorizing it. The United States should consider a phased withdrawal from South Korea. The Cold War has long ended and US forces along the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) are no longer necessary, despite continued missile and nuclear testing by North Korea.This can happen when a country is outmanned.

Question 12

What is Counterculture

Answer 12

Going against the norms. Hippies went against their parents’ generational norms and changed pop culture.

Question 13

hippies

Answer 13

They were a counter culture, rebellion movement. They protested against the Vietnam War. Listened to anti war songs, protested and wanted equal rights.

Question 14

Who was John Henry Hammond and what 4 huge artists did he discover

Answer 14

Produces and discovered many musicians such as Billie Holiday, Bob Dylan, Aretha Franklin, and Bruce Springsteen

Question 15

Who was Billie Holiday

Answer 15

Famous musician who influenced many counterculture things. She was an african american female

Question 16

What was Watergate

Answer 16

The Watergate Scandal was a political scandal that took place during the Nixon administration, involving mobs.

Question 17

WHat are “Supply-side” economics?

Answer 17

Supply-side economics is a theory that states that believes economic growth can be most effectively cared for/made by lowering taxes, lowering authorization, and allowing free trade. According to supply-side economics, consumers will benefit from greater supplies of goods and services at lower prices, and employment will increase.

Question 18

“Evil Empire”

Answer 18

Phrase used by “The great communicator” aka Ronald Reagan, quoting the great movie of the time, STAR WARS.

Question 19

Who was Mikhail Gorbachev

Answer 19

USSR President, made many changes and started bringing the USSR out of communism.

Question 20

What was the Tiananmen Square incident 1989?

Answer 20

Chinese protesters were slaughtered in Tiananmen Square in ‘89 by the government. This was covered up by the chinese government in china

Question 21

What was the First Gulf War (8/1990-2/1991)

Answer 21

Iraq invaded Kuwait for richer oil supply but the US successfully threw them out of Kuwait. sneaky

Question 22

Know the 3 countries that make up French Indochina

Answer 22

Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos

Question 23

Most realist president of the last 60 years

Answer 23

nixon

Question 24

Know the years of the 10 Cold War Events and be able to put them in order. Also know the what and why

Answer 24

1. Berlin Airlift (1948 - 1949)
   First major victory without firing a shot; avoided direct military conflict
2. USSR Detonates Atomic Bomb (1949)
   Evened USSR and USA and threatened the US by making them realize that there is a possibility of nuclear war
3. Korean War (1950 - 1953)
   Truman and the USA were able to contain communism. The war also separated parts of the country, and it is still separated today.
4. Sputnik (1957)
   USSR in the lead of the Space Race and was the first manmade object to orbit the earth.
5. Building of the Berlin Wall (1961)
   Symbol of repressive communism and it created prison conditions for the people from that country
6. Cuban Missile crisis (1962)
   A time when 2 major superpowers came closest to nuclear conflict
7. Vietnam War - active US involvement (1965 - 1973)
   First war USA lost and was a failure in the policy of containment.
8. First Moon Landing (1969)
   USA won space race and a big technological advancement
9. Nixon Visits China (1972)
   Reduced tensions; was the first time the us acknowledged that communist China won the civil war
10. Fall of the berlin wall (1989)
    Crowds of people gathered around this wall when it fell and it was important because the wall represented the fall of communism

Question 25

Number of U.S. Soldiers killed in Vietnam:

Answer 25

The number of American soldiers killed in Vietnam: 58,220 (estimated: 60,000)

Question 26

Realism (or pragmatist in foreign policy) vs. Idealism (or Wilsonism-named after Woodrow Wilson)

Answer 26

Realism is the attitude or practice of accepting a situation as it is and being prepared to deal with it accordingly.
Idealism is the metaphysical view that associates reality to ideas in the mind rather than to material objects.

Question 27

Understand the Laffer Curve

Answer 27

As popularized by supply-side economist Arthur Laffer, the curve is typically represented as a graph that starts at 0% tax with zero revenue, rises to a maximum rate of revenue at an intermediate rate of taxation, and then falls again to zero revenue at a 100% tax rate.

Question 28

How did Reagan’s presidency provide a check and a counterpoint to other big-government regimes like FDR’s New Deal and LBJ’s Great Society?

Answer 28

It gave less control to the gov’t. Reagan was the most against gov’t domestic policies.

Question 29

Countries on the Communist side of the “Iron Curtain”:

Answer 29

Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, east germany

Question 30

Paragraph question: List and briefly explain 2 important similarities that exist regarding the USA’s involvement in the two wars.

Answer 30

2 similarities of the Vietnam and Korean War: The same reasons caused both the Vietnam and Korean Wars. The two wars were the same ideological background, the confrontation of two super nations, the US and the URSS, and their economic and political systems. Both were civil wars with the United States and the USSR backing up opposite sides.

Question 31

Paragraph question: List and briefly explain 2 differences that exist regarding the USA’s involvement in the two wars.

Answer 31

2 differences between the Vietnam and Korean War: The Vietnam War officially ended. The Korean War ended in a “cease-fire” which means it never officially ended. After the war, Vietnam went back to being one all communist country. After the Korean War, the country remained divided with the North still being communist and the south remaining non-communist. Vietnam became one country but Korea is still separated. The Vietnam War lasted seven years longer than the Korean War did.