Cold War 4 Flashcards
American Domestic Issues and the Nuclear Arms Race
What was Eisenhower’s policy of ‘brinksmanship’?
Pushing dangerous policies until their limits
Who was John Dulles?
Eisenhower’s Secretary of State
What was Eisenhower’s policy of ‘new look’?
A furthered reliance on nuclear arms to deter the Soviets from threatening the West
What was ‘massive retaliation’?
The US’ capacity to retaliate to any attacks largely beyond the scale of the initial attack.
What was the name of the government official accused of being a communist spy in 1948?
Alger Hiss
Which married couple was executed for conspiracy to commit espionage?
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
How many members did the CPUSA (Communist Party of the USA) have in 1950?
5000 (although around 1000 may have been FBI informants)
When did the USSR successfully test their first nuclear bomb?
August 29th 1949
Which organisations investigated those accused of communist associations?
The FBI and HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committee)
Who was Joseph McCarthy?
The Republican senator for Wisconsin who used the red scare for his own political career.
How many people lost their jobs at the hands of McCarthy and HUAC?
Around 10,000
When was McCarthy removed from the Senate?
1954
How did Eisenhower criticise Truman’s policy of containment?
He called it “negative, futile and immoral”
How did the US respond to the PRC’s bombing of Quemoy and Matsu?
Threats of nuclear warfare
Which 1957 report suggested that within a decade the Soviets could double the military spending of the US?
The Gaither Report
What was the major deterrent in use of nuclear arms?
MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction)
