Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Yr11 History > Cold war > Flashcards

Cold war Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards World History 101 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards
1
Q

What was the Tehran conference?

A
  • November 1943
  • Churchill, Stalin and Roosevelt
  • Organising when D-Day would be launched (May 1944)
  • No formal agreement as to what will happen to Germany after the war
  • It was agreed that Germany would be weak
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What was the Yalta conference?

A

-February 1945
- Churchill, Stalin and Roosevelt
- War crime trials
- Germany would be divided into 4 zones
-UN formed
- Germany would have free elections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What was the Postdam conference?

A
  • June 1945
  • Atlee, Stalin and Truman
  • Berlin split int 4 zones (France, USA, England and Soviet)
  • There are no free elections in East Germany
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What happened in Hiroshima?

A

-6th August
-First atomic bomb dropped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happened in Nagasaki?

A

-9th August
-Second atomic bomb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How did the atomic bomb effect the Cold war?

A

-The Soviet Union was intimidated by the USA’s power
-Stalin was furious with Truman who didn’t tell him about the atomic bomb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What was the iron curtain?

A

-Stalin wanted to be safe from an invasion. From 1945, he created a buffer zone of friendly Soviet countries in Eastern Europe.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What was the Truman doctrine?

A

-In March 1947, Truman gave a message that the USA will help the people of the European nations to fight against Communism.
-The United States Congress accepted Truman’s argument and granted $400 million which was used to support Turkey and Greece’s fight against Communism. Turkey and Greece successfully stopped communism.
-Truman wanted to contain communism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What was the Marshall plan?

A
  • April 1948
  • General George Marshall convinced Truman to give 12.7 billion to Europe to prevent the spread of communism
  • Used to prepare the economy of West Germany
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What was Trizonia?

A
  • June 1948
  • France, England and the USA combined their land in West Germany to create Trizonia
  • The Deutschmark was created for West Germany
  • In the same month, the Berlin blockade happened
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How did Stalin feel about Trizonia?

A
  • He was angry about the formation of Trizonia and the Deutschmark as he felt it was against the Postdam conference
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What was the Berlin Airlift?

A
  • The Berlin Airlift was President Truman’s response to the Berlin Blockade.
  • Aircrafts were landing every two and a half minutes. At first 4000 tons of supplies were landing daily.
  • Later on this amount was doubled to 8000 tons due to demands.
  • After eleven months the blockade was lifted and the Airlift had won.
  • Berlin had 36 days worth of food
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What was Nato and the Warsaw pact?

A
  • In 1949, the Western Allies set up NATO as a defensive alliance against Russia.
  • In 1955, the Soviet Union set up the Warsaw pact, which was an alliance of Communist States.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When did the Soviet Union develop the Nuclear bomb?

A
  • August 1949
  • Caused great concern in USA and began the arms race
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When did the USA create the Hydrogen Bomb?

A
  • In November 1952, The USA detonated the first Hydrogen bomb
  • It was 2500 times more powerful than the Atom bomb
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When did the USSR create the first Hydrogen bomb?

A
  • In August 1953, The USSR detonated their first hydrogen bomb
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When was NATO formed?

A
  • NATO was formed in April 1949 to prevent the spread of communism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When was the Warsaw pact formed?

A
  • The Warsaw pact was formed in 1955.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What was comniform?

A
  • September 1947
  • built collective heavy industry in Eastern Europe and to create a trade network between Communist countries. It published its own newspaper to spread Communist ideals and held conferences in the Eastern Bloc.
  • Response to Truman doctrine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What was comecon?

A
  • January 1949
  • Response to Marshall plan
  • to administer its own Molotov Plan of financial aid to keep the Eastern Bloc countries on side.
21
Q

Why did the Hungarian uprising occur?

A
  • Krushchev installed a new leader called Imre Nagy into power in 1956
  • Nagy was a liberal reformer and proposed free elections, private ownership of land and the leaving of the Warsaw pact.
22
Q

How did Khrushchev react to Imre Nagys reforms?

A
  • Khrushchev couldn’t accept a gap within his “buffer zone” and sent the red army into Hungary.
  • Many thousands of Hungarians were arrested and 26,000 Hungarians were tried with additional imprisonments and executions as a result.
  • Nagy was executed and replaced
23
Q

What was the Geneva conference?

A
  • Khrushchev and Dwight Eisenhower
  • Trying to come up with a solution to the East Germany defectors
  • No agreement was found
  • 1959
24
Q

What was the U2 crisis?

A
  • 1st may 1960
  • U2 spy plane shot down in the USSR
25
Q

What happened in the Paris summit?

A
  • 13th may 1960
  • Khrushchev was angry with Eisenhower about the U2, which he had lied about, and demanded he apologise.
  • No agreement was come about Berlin defectors due to the U2 plane
26
Q

What was the Berlin wall?

A
  • August 1961
  • Sealed off East Germany from West Germany with a wall
  • guards were told to shoot anyone who tried crossing it
  • This effectively stopped Berlin defectors
27
Q

How did the Cuban missile crisis start?

A
  • Cuba became communist in 1959
  • On 14 October 1962, an American spy plane flying over Cuba took pictures that showed the construction of Soviet missile launch sites.
  • Another American spy plane discovered 20 Soviet ships carrying nuclear missiles in the Atlantic Ocean heading for Cuba.
28
Q

How did John Kennedy respond to the Cuban missile crisis?

A
  • He began a blockade to prevent Soviet ships from delivering the nuclear bombs to Cuba on the 22nd of october
29
Q

What was the consequence of the Cuban missile crisis?

A
  • Khrushchev removed all missiles from Cuba
  • Kennedy secretly removed his missiles from Turkey 6 months later
  • America could no longer invade Cuba, which they had planned on.
30
Q

Why were the Czech people unhappy with the communist government?

A
  • No freedom of speech
  • Low standard of living
  • Few consumer goods
31
Q

What was the Prague spring?

A
  • In January 1968, Dubchek began the Prague spring
  • Censorship became more relaxed
  • More power was given to the Czech regional government
  • Trade with the west was increased
  • Czech people had more travel freedom
32
Q

What was the Soviets reaction to the Prague Spring?

A
  • In August 1968, 500,00 Warsaw pact troops invaded Czechoslovakia. There was little the Czech people could do.
  • Dubeck was replaced with Gustav Husak
33
Q

Describe what happened at SALT 1?

A
  • May 1972
  • Ballistic missiles were only allowed at two sites
  • The basic principles agreement laid down rules for the conduct of nuclear warfare
34
Q

What was the impact of SALT 1?

A
  • SALT 1 had a number of weaknesses. In reality, if nuclear war were to happen, the treaties wouldn’t do much.
35
Q

What was the Berlin ultimatum?

A
  • Khrushchev demanded the West recognise East Germany as a country and Berlin would be a free city with no western weapons.
36
Q

What happened in Afghanistan in 1979?

A

In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan to try to prop up the communist government there, which was being attacked by Muslim Mujaheddin fighters

37
Q

When did Ronald Reagan become president and what was he like?

A

In 1980, Ronald Reagan became president of the USA. As a strong anti-communist, he called the Soviet Union the “evil empire” and increased spending on arms.

38
Q

In 1985, who became the Leader of the USSR?

A

In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev became leader of the USSR.

39
Q

What did Mikhail Gorbachev do in Afghanistan?

A
  • He withdrew from Afghanistan.
  • The last Soviet troops left Afghanistan in February 1989
40
Q

How did Mikhail Gorbachev reform the Soviet Union?

A

He began to reform the Soviet system by allowing perestroika (competition in business) and glasnost (freedom).

41
Q

When the did the Berlin wall fall?

A

In November 1989, the Berlin wall was torn down in a revolution

42
Q

What happened in 1991?

A

In 1991, Gorbachev fell from power and the Soviet Union was dissolved.

43
Q

What was the Helsinki Agreement?

A

The Helsinki Agreement recognised Soviet control over Eastern Europe, concluded a trade agreement, and Russia promised to respect human rights.

44
Q

What was the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty?

A

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty: powers with nuclear weapons agreed not to give any other countries nuclear technology.

45
Q

What was the Carter doctrine?

A

in January 1980 the US President, Jimmy Carter, announced in his State of the Union Address that the US was extending its policy of containment to the Middle East.

46
Q

How Did president Carter support the Mujaheddin fight the red army?

A

the CIA secretly provided the Mujahideen with weapons and funds.

47
Q

What did the Strategic Defense Initiative do and why did Reagan begin it?

A

It was meant to bluff the Soviet Union into following them into this plan to damage their economy. Reagan started it in 1983

48
Q

What was the Brezhnev doctrine?

A

The Brezhnev Doctrine stated that any threat to a Warsaw Pact country was a threat to European communism as a whole

Yr11 History (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions