Cold War Flashcards

1
Q

Containment

A

U.S. policy focused on stopping the territorial spread of communism

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2
Q

Communism

A

political and economic system characterized by centralized government control of property and society

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3
Q

Ideology

A

flourishing economic activity resulting in wealth for a large number of people

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4
Q

VIETNAMIZATION

A

policy advocating for South Vietnam to take over the fighting in Vietnam, in order for US troops to withdraw

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5
Q

SILENT MAJORITY

A

President Nixon’s belief majority of America supported him on Vietnam, but was not vocal about it

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6
Q

COUNTERCULTURE

A

“Hippies”, people who adopt ideas and lifestyle different from mainstream culture

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7
Q

DOMINO THEORY

A

Idea if one country falls to communism, its neighbors will fall to communism as well.

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8
Q

CREDIBILITY GAP

A

Difference between what you see and what you hear

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9
Q

BABY BOOM

A

Spike in birth rates following WW 2

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10
Q

AIRLIFT

A

fly supplies into an area

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11
Q

Soviet Aggression

A

Soviet Union established puppet governments in E. Europe; tried to take over Greece and Turkey

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12
Q

Truman Doctrine

A

Giving money to ANY country to resist communism, first recipients were Greece and Turkey

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13
Q

Marshall Plan

A

US gave money TO EUROPEAN countries to rebuild; W.Europe took the money, E. Europe was forbidden by USSR

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14
Q

NATO

A

(N)orth (A)tlantic (T)reaty) (O)rganization - Led by USA, an alliance where each pledges loyalty to the other if attacked

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15
Q

Berlin Airlift

A

USSR blockades W. Berlin; USA and allies airlift supplies into the city; won hearts of Germany, showed US commitment to Europe

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16
Q

Cuban Missile Crisis

A

USSR puts nuclear missiles in Cuba; USA blockades Cuba; WW 3 seemed likely; USA wins, secures nuclear test ban treaty

17
Q

Arms race

A

USA vs. USSR race to see who can build the most nuclear missiles

18
Q

Space race

A

USA vs. USSR compete in outer space

19
Q

McCarthyism

A

US Government hunted for suspected communists, trampled civil rights of people, it was a second Red Scare

20
Q

HUAC

A

(H)ouse of (U)namerican (A)ctivities (C)ommittee - congressional committee created to root out suspected communists

21
Q

Venona Papers

A

documents of soviet secrets, confirmed Julius Rosenberg as a spy, vindicated Americans on McCarthy/HUAC lists

22
Q

Korean War

A

1951 - 1953 - Communists North invades Democratic South; America leads UN mission; war ends in a tie

23
Q

Draft

A

Mandatory military service for males in the USA; very controversial during the Vietnam War

24
Q

26th Amendment

A

Lowered voting age from 21 to 18

25
Q

Role of Media

A

Images of Vietnam War on TV turned American opinion against America’s involvement in Vietnam

26
Q

Anti-War Movement

A

Americans protest USAs involvement in Vietnam War

27
Q

Hawks

A

People who supported american involvement in Vietnam War

28
Q

Doves

A

People who were against american involvement in Vietnam War

29
Q

Gi Bill

A

Law to help soldiers adjust to non-military life; gives money to go to college, start business, or buy homes

30
Q

Effect 1950s Prosperity

A

1) Increased home ownership
2) Increased buying of consumer goods
3) Growth of agriculture and business
4) Growth of suburbs

31
Q

Wars Power Act

A

Placed restrictions on President’s ability to send troops to war. Is it constitutional?

32
Q

Pentagon Papers

A

Government lied about casualty rates in Vietnam; truth leaked to press and they published the truth. Is releasing
secret material constitutionally protected (1st amendment)

33
Q

NDEA

A

(N)ational (D)efense (E)ducation (A)ct - funded public school education, response to the USSR launching Sputnik i

34
Q

NASA

A

(N)ational (A)eronautics and (S)pace (A)dministration - US agency that oversees America’s space program

35
Q

Military Industrial Complex

A

companies that make military weapons; multi-billion dollar businesses that want war so they can make money

36
Q

Tinker v Des Moines

A

Court case about freedom of speech. Students wore black arm bands to protest Vietnam War; students win case

37
Q

Cold War

A

a period of ideological and geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union