Cohesion Policy

Question 1

Main Goal

Answer 1

reducing regional disparities in

• Income
• economic growth
• employment

needed beaches of disparities between region in EU

Question 2

aim

Answer 2

promote balanced & sustainable economic and social progress

Strengthen economic and social cohesion by encouraging convergence

Question 3

Disparities could be overcome by

Answer 3

• creating a favorable environment for business

- redistribution because of equity reasons

Question 4

tools to measure disparity

Answer 4

Income per capital
Labour productivity
Employment rate
Living standard (health, services, enviroment..)

Question 5

European integration lead to more or less disparity –> different ideas

Answer 5

less:
free trade -> theory of comparative advantage -> specialization -> win-win situation for all region
capital and labour mobility -> equalizing effects

more:
modern growth they: more prosperous areas will enjoy long term growth knowledge & innovation tend to concentrate in certain areas
Economy of scale -> concentration
reduced transport costs -> concentration

Question 6

internal market program: aim

Answer 6

free movement of people, goods, services & capital in order to stimulate economic growth in Europe

not crear in European integration would reduce or increase regional disparities

Question 7

Instrument of Cohesion policy

Answer 7

European social Fund
-aim to: increasing adaptability of workers and enterprises, promoting training programs, combating discrimination

European regional development fund
-aim to: encouraging public & private investment by supporting Research & innovation, infrastructure projects, environmental protection, education & training, tourism, culture

Cohesion fund

• assistance to member state to be able to meet competitive pressures from European Economic & Monetary Union
• Criteria: GDP < 90% of community average (Eastern MS, Gre, Pt, Esp)