COHAT Start to Finish Flashcards
What does COHAT stand for?
Complete Oral Health Assessment & Treatment
List the 9 steps of dental COHAT
- Pt Hx & physical exam
- Oral Hx & oral exam
- Operatory & instruments
- Oral exam & charting (conscious & sedated)
- Anesthesia plan
- Analgesia plan
- Scaling & polishing
- Dental rads
- After care
Step 1: Eval of the whole pet. What should we collect? (6)
- General Hx
- Whole body physical
- BW evaluation
Other: - BP
- EKG
- Thoracic rads
Step 2: Dental history. What questions should we ask? (6)
- Past dental care?
- Occupation? (pet, hunting, guard)
- Chewing Hx? (toys, food, objects)
- Breath odor?
- Blood on toys or in water?
- Signs of oral discomfort?
- Dropping food
- Rubbing face
- Drooling
- Flinching at face contact
What are we looking for in an oral exam? (6)
Hint: Don’t start with the teeth!
- head shape/lip conformation/occlusion
- Asymmetry of face or head?
- Lymph node size (submandibular, prescapular)
- Growths, lesions, or discolorations on lips, gums, or under tongue?
- Pain opening jaws? (TMJ)
- Ocular/nasal discharge?
Occlusion is a contact between the…
Incising or masticating surfaces of the maxillary & mandibular teeth.
- Also known as “scissors bite” & “dental interlock” when it’s normal
Malocclusion is any…
Deviation from normal occlusion.
- This may be due to abnormal positioning of a tooth or teeth or due to asymmetry or other deviation of bones that support the dentition.
Define each malocclusion
1. Class II “Overbite”
2. Class III “Underbite”
- Mandible is shorter than average
- Prognathism in which mandible is longer than average
Class II overshot bite
1. Etiology
2. Tx (2)
- Etiology
- Lower teeth will hit hard palate
- May form oronasal fistula - Tx
- Remove primary lower k9’s at 3 months
- Permanent teeth: reduce height of lower k9’s & “cap” tooth
Class III Undershot bite
1. Etiology
2. Tx
- Etiology
- Common in certain breeds (boxers, bulldogs, Persians)
- Upper incisors may damage lower incisors - Tx
- Upper incisors may be extracted
Asymmetry “wry mouth”
What is it?
One quadrant of jaw is too short & will cause major distortion to jaw alignment
What is a Class I malocclusion?
Bone length is correct, but teeth alignment is not.
- Anterior (rostral) cross bite
- Base narrow canines
- Crowded, rotated, displaced teeth.
Anterior (rostral) cross-bite
1. What is it?
2. Tx
- Maxillary incisors are displaced palatally and/or mandibular incisors are displaced labially
- Tx
- Orthodontics or extraction
What does the principles of veterinary medical ethics state about surgical procedures for show/breeding animals? Are there exceptions to this?
“Performance of surgical or other procedures in all species for the purpose of concealing genetic defects in animals to be shown, raced, bred, or sold, as breeding animals is UNETHICAL.”
- Exception: “Should health or welfare of individual patient req correction of defects, it is recommended that patient be rendered incapable of reproduction.”
Lance effect canines
1. Etiology
2. Cause
3. Signs
4. Tx
- Etiology
- Canine teeth tilt mesially
- Usually non-genetic (altho more common in some breeds) - Cause
- Tugging on toys - Signs
- Systemic illness
- Upper lip ulcers
- Base-wide mandibular k9’s - Tx
- Crown amputation
Dental operatory needs (8)
- All equipment & PPE clean/organized & ready for use
- Good lighting
- Hearing protection recommended
- Dosimetry badge
- Instruments should be clean & sharp
- Seating minimizes back strain
- Table allow Pt to keep warm, dry, & cushioned
- Anesthesia monitoring equipment & IV fluid support is working order!
Dental delivery unit
Air-driven vs Motor-driven
Air-driven
- Need oil & air storage tank maintenance!
- High speed (200,000-400,000rpm)
- Low speed (5,000-20,000rpm)
- Water thru hand piece to cool tip & flush debris
Motor-driven
- 3,000-30,000rpm
- Water doesn’t come thru hand piece, more risk of over-heating tooth
Dental handpieces
1. Attachments
2. High-speed…
3. Low speed…
4. Care
- Attachments
- Burs
- Disks
- Polishing angles - High-speed: Burs, used for cutting bone or sectioning teeth
- Low speed: Polish teeth with disposable prophy angle.
- Care:
- Oil must be placed in smallest handpiece hole daily and then run for several seconds
- Should be cleaned & autoclaved between every patient!
