Cognitive, Social and Physical Development of a Child

Question 1

What does cognitive refer to?

Answer 1

Refers to thinking and processing information

Question 2

What might lead a child to not grow at the rate they are main to?

Answer 2

1. Malnutrition

2. Child may not be utilisation nutrition correctly eg has an endocrine abnormality

Question 3

How can growth be measured

Answer 3

1. Height
2. Weight
3. Length (In new borns)
4. BMI

Question 4

What measurements are taken of a new born

Answer 4

1. length in cm
2. Weight in g and kg
3. Circumference of their head

Question 5

How is a Childs growth checked

Answer 5

Using growth charts

Question 6

What are growth charts split into?

Answer 6

Standard centiles

Question 7

What does BMI stand for

Answer 7

Body mass index

Question 8

How is BMI calculated

Answer 8

Weight(kg)/ height^2 (cm)

Question 9

Talk though the differences in an adults and a Childs skull

Answer 9

1. Infants skull is larger than lower face due to CNS but as they get older mandible and face grows with function
2. Orbits in infants are around 1/5th of the fave height but 1/6th in an adult

Question 10

By how much does the circumference of the skull change from child to adult

Answer 10

33cm at 2 years to 47cm when an adult

Question 11

Till what age does the mandible grow till

Answer 11

Grows till age of 15

Question 12

How is skull growth measures

Answer 12

Measurements of the maximum occipito frontal diameter taken till the child is 24 months

Question 13

What helps form the shape of the mandible

Answer 13

The eruption and formation of teeth

Question 14

Name the theory we use to assess cognitive development of a child

Answer 14

Piagets theory

Question 15

What does Piaget theory explain

Answer 15

Explains the normal stages of intellectual development children go through from birth to adult hood

Question 16

Name the 4 stages of piagets theory with the ages he believes they occur at

Answer 16

1. Sensorimotor (0-18/24mths)
2. Pre operational (18 months -7 yrs)
3. Concrete operational (7-11yrs)
4. Formal operational (11yrs-adulthood)

Question 17

When does the sensorimotor stage occur

Answer 17

0-18/24mths

Question 18

When does the Pre operationa stage occur

Answer 18

18 months -7 yrs

Question 19

When does the Concrete operational stage occur

Answer 19

7-11yrs

Question 20

When does the Formal operational stage occur

Answer 20

11yrs-adulthood

Question 21

What is a criticism of piagets work

Answer 21

He didn’t take into account external factors that may hinder a Childs ability to pass through the stages eg neglect, cultural and religious differences

Question 22

Other than physical growth what else do paediatricians look at?

Answer 22

A Childs functional development

Question 23

Name the 4 parts of functional development a paediatrician may look at

Answer 23

1. Gross motor
2. Vision and fine motor
3. Social, emotional and behavioural
4. Hearing, speech and language

Question 24

What would the gross motor skills of a new born be

Answer 24

Flexed posture

Question 25

What would the vision and fine motor skills of a new born be

Answer 25

Fixed gaze and follows faces

Question 26

What would the Social, emotional and behavioural skills of a new born be

Answer 26

Smiles at 6ish weeks

Communicates by crying

Question 27

What would the hearing, speech and language skills of a new born be

Answer 27

Stills to voice

Startled by loud noises

Question 28

What would the gross motor skills of a 7 month old be

Answer 28

Sits up with support

Bottom shuffling or crawling

Question 29

What would the vision and fine motor skills of a 7 month old be

Answer 29

Turns head to voices

Babbles

Question 30

What would the Social, emotional and behavioural skills of a 7 month old be

Answer 30

Finger feeding

Fear of strangers

Question 31

What would the hearing, speech and language skills of a 7 month old be

Answer 31

Transfer objects from hand to hand

Question 32

What would the gross motor skills of a 1 year old be

Answer 32

Standing independently

Question 33

What would the vision and fine motor skills of a 1 year old be

Answer 33

1-2 words

Understands names

Question 34

What would the Social, emotional and behavioural skills of a 1 year old be

Answer 34

Pointing
Waving
Peek a book
Drinks from a cup with 2 hands

Question 35

What would the hearing, speech and language skills of a 1 year old be

Answer 35

Pincer grips

Question 36

What would the gross motor skills of a 18 month old be

Answer 36

Walks independently

Question 37

What would the vision and fine motor skills of a 18 month old be

Answer 37

Uses 6-10 words

Question 38

What would the Social, emotional and behavioural skills of a 18 month old be

Answer 38

Symbolic play
Points to parts of their body
Tower of 3 bricks
Begins to dress themselves independently eg putting socks on

Question 39

What would the hearing, speech and language skills of a 18 month old be

Answer 39

Immature pencil grip

Random scribbles- mark making

Question 40

What would the gross motor skills of a 2.5 year old be

Answer 40

Runs and jumps

Question 41

What would the vision and fine motor skills of a 2.5 year old be

Answer 41

Uses 3-4 sentences

Question 42

What would the Social, emotional and behavioural skills of a 2.5 year old be

Answer 42

Talks constantly
Interactive play
Turn taking
May toilet trained during the day

Question 43

What would the hearing, speech and language skills of a 2.5 year old be

Answer 43

Draws a line

Makes a tower of 8 bricks