Cognitive psychology

Question 1

self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 1

our expectations tend to make things a reality

Question 2

Experimenter expectancy effect

Answer 2

Creates a situation in which a participant’s behavior is due to nothing more than the experimenter’s own biased opinion

Question 3

Gardner’s Intelligence

Answer 3

Verbal/linguistic
Musical
Logical/math
Spatial
Bodily/kinesthetic
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
Naturalist
Existential

Question 4

factor g

Answer 4

a better predictor of school & work success.

Question 5

Intelligence & Gender Identity

Answer 5

Gender differences were found for logical/math (masculine) & musical (feminine).

Question 6

Presuppositions

Answer 6

A condition that must be true for the question to make sense

Question 7

Loftus’s hypothesis

Answer 7

If eyewitnesses are asked questions containing presuppositions, the new false information may be incorporated into the witness’s memory and appear in new testimony by a witness laterOriginal memory changes to incorporate the new information…it is no longer your original memory but a reconstruction of it.
Witnesses to a crime are often questioned more than once, with presuppositions added into questioning, and their testimony is contaminated.

Question 8

Lost-in-the-Mall Paradigm

Answer 8

Loftus & others (with help from parents to create believable scenarios) led people to believe they had been lost in a shopping mall for an extended period of time as a child.

Question 9

Imagination inflation

Answer 9

Imagining an event that didn’t happen can lead people to believe it really did.

Question 10

Personality x Cognitive Ability

Answer 10

People with superior cognitive ability do not show the personality susceptibilities to misinformation effects.

Question 11

Sensory reactivation hypothesis

Answer 11

proposes that the same sensory regions activated in the brain during encoding will be reactivated during retrieval

Question 12

Thurstone (1938):

Answer 12

Spatial cognition is the ability to hold an image of an object in mind & twist, turn, or rotate it to match another object

Question 13

Paradigm needed:

Answer 13

Randomized, controlled experiments with people who haven’t previously played the game; pretest/posttest done with training as the IV. Control group needed with a control game matched closely to the training game except for the spatial skills aspect.