Cognitive Load & Practice Flashcards
what is cognitive load?
when a person is fully aware of what they are doing
high cognitive load can increase
difficult and production depending on the patient
what are some factors that can adjust cognitive load?
- attention
- memory
- practice
- self regulating
- proportionality
how can attention adjust cognitive load?
- paying attention to one or two things at the same time
- tending to what they are feeling in the vocal tract while they are free speaking (having to think about what they’re saying on the spot)
how can memory adjust cognitive load?
how much you practice something determines how much memory you will have: more memory = less cog. load.
what are some different examples of practice that can adjust cognitive load?
- if the patient is just repeating after you = low cog. load
- if you ask the patient to use resonant phonation and tell you what they did that weekend = high cog. load
what does self regulating refer to?
having the patient acknowledge what everything they are doing and saying really feels like
what does proportionality refer to?
what are you asking the patient to talk about
something they have to think a lot about or something that is procedural
what is internal attention in regard to voice training?
focus of manner of phonation
e.g., sensory awareness of vocal tract vibration, placement of sound, flow of phonation
what does external attention refer to in voice training?
focus on visual (body alignment) or auditory (the sound of voice) feedback
what is resonance?
how your voice carries without increasing volume
during voice therapy, a patient uses deliberate focus of attention to heighten awareness of______________
the sensations in the larynx and vocal tract
types of memory
short term long term working declarative explicit procedural or implicit
_______________ memory is the primary component of motor learning, does not require the use of language, and is formed without awareness of remembering
procedural
what is block practice & some pros/cons of using it in voice therapy?
drill practice
- more effective during acquisition and stabilization of a new motor pattern
- not great fro generalization
what is random practice & some examples of how to use it in voice therapy?
training that varies procedures, contexts, and sequences
- using semi structured questions such as “hat did you have for dinner?” or “what is your address”? and then moving to prompts that you would need more thinking to answer
- changing conversational partners to vary emotional contexts
- practicing in different settings
what is mental practice and is it effective?
it is doing or saying something in your head
yes! strength of memory trace is enhanced when imagery and
mental practice combine
what is the forgetting hypothesis?
periods of rest that provide an opportunity to forget or let go of inefficient motor patterns
what is the consolidation hypothesis?
information in stores
what is the consolidation hypothesis?
information in stored during rest which allows for stabilization and strengthening of a motor memory trace
random practice is useful to…
facilitate carryover of voice; modification techniques
