Cognitive interview and ethical interview techniques Flashcards
Who created the Cognitive Interview?
Fisher and Geiselman (1992)
What are the four main techniques used in the Cognitive Interview?
- Report everything
- Reinstate the context
- Reverse the order
- Change perspective
What is supporting evidence for the effectiveness of Cognitive Interview?
Geiselman et al (1985) gave participants a violent film to watch and were later interviewed using CI or a Standard Interview.
The average number of recalled facts for the CI were 41.2 compared to 29.4 for the Standard Interview.
What is a weakness of the Cognitive Interview?
Kohnken et al (1999) reported that the use of CI can lead to recall of inaccurate information.
They recorded an 81% increase in correct information using CI but also recorded 61% increase of incorrect information.
What is the difference between Cognitive Interview and Enhanced Cognitive Interview?
Enhanced CI develops the original technique but pays more attention to the interaction between interviewer and interviewee.
More eye contact, reduced distractions, more open questions and gets the witness to speak slowly.
What does ethical interviewing techniques focus on?
Suspect’s rights.
The royal commission of criminal justice (1991) found that many false confessions and miscarriages of justice resulted from police using unethical interviewing techniques.
What is the PEACE model of ethical interviewing?
Preparation and planning
Engage and explain
Account, clarification and challenge
Closure
Evaluate
Who provided evidence that Ethical Interviews produce higher success rates?
Holmberg and Christianson (2002)
They studied murderers and sexual offenders’ experiences of police interviews and their inclination to admit or deny crimes.
Interviews featuring intimidation were associated with denials.
Interviews marked by respect and a positive attitude were associated with confessions.
How can interviewing techniques be used in issues and debates?
How psychological understanding has developed over time.
The development of different interviewing techniques has been important in reducing miscarriages of justice.
