Cognitive Interview Flashcards
Encoding, Storage, and Retrieval
Cognitive Interview
THREE PHASES OF MEMORY
Information enters the brain through the senses and emotions
Three Phases of Memory
Cognitive Interview
ENCODING
Information is stored in the brain
Three Phases of Memory
Cognitive Interview
STORAGE
Information is recalled during ______
Three Phases of Memory
Cognitive Interview
RETRIEVAL
Increase recollection through ______
Cognitive Interview
ASSOCATION
Rapport, Preamble, Multiple Retrievals, Specific Follow-up Questions
Cognitive Interview
PROCESS OF COGNITIVE INTERVIEW
The interview should address basic needs of the victim or witness, such as safety, fear, embarrassment, and shock.
The interview should be empathic and should reduce and control anxiety of the interviewee
Reverse order reporting
Cognitive Interview - Process
Cognitive Interview
RAPPORT
Reciprocity, Commitment & Consistency, Social Proof, Authority, Liking, and Scarcity
Cognitive Interview
PERSUAVISE
Explain the Cognitive Interview Process, tell them your expectations
Ask them to tell the events without being asked questions
Report everything, even things that don’t seem important
Discourage them from guessing and its okay to say “I don’t know”
Repeat the process multiple times
Cognitive Interview - Process
Cognitive Interview
PREAMBLE
Retrieval take about 20 minutes
Reconstruct the context
Use the T.E.D. questions
Repeated focusing on each of the senses, and also focusing on emotions
Exhaust each contextual setting prior to changing the setting
Recall the event from the perspective of a different person and retell the even from ending to the beginning, reporting the event in reverse order
Cognitive Interview - Process
Cognitive Interview
MULTIPLE RETRIEVALS
Ask the 5 W’s questions and fill in the empty banks
Cognitive Interview - Process
Cognitive Interview
SPECIFIC, CLOSE ENDED, FOLLOW UP QUESTIONS
Physical appearance of the suspect, Speech, Names, Numbers, Reactions, Post Interview Considerations
Cognitive Interview
SPECIFIC INFORMATION FROM A VICTIM OR WITNESS
Who did the person remind you of? Why?
Specific Information from a Victim or Witness
Cognitive Interview
PHYSICAL APPEARANCE OF THE SUSPECT
Who did they voice remind you of? Why?
How would you describe the accent?
What was the tone/quality of the voice?
What was said?
Specific Information from a Victim or Witness
Cognitive Interview
SPEECH
Go through the alphabet and see if you can recall a name or first letter (2/3 of the time, successful)
How many syllables were in the name?
What was the cadence?
Specific Information from a Victim or Witness
Cognitive Interview
NAMES
How many numbers did you see?
What do you see after the first number?
What letters did you see? What do you see before the letter? What do you see after the letter?
Specific Information from a Victim or Witness
Cognitive Interview
NUMBERS
What was your reaction to what was happening? How did other react?
Specific Information from a Victim or Witness
Cognitive Interview
REACTIONS
Focus on the needs of victims and witness
Give them an idea what to expect from the justice system
Referring to victims assistance programs
Specific Information from a Victim or Witness
Cognitive Interview
POST INTERVIEW CONSIDERATIONS
Open-ended questions after an average of 7.5 seconds
Derail of train of through and information is often lost in this process
Cognitive Interview
ELIMINATE INTERRUPTIONS
We jump in with another question, which eliminates ____ ____ ____
Encourage your witness to continue his concentration and you often get additional information
Cognitive Interview
WAIT THROUGH PAUSES
____ down the interview process
Cognitive Interview
SLOW
Ask follow up questions compatible with _____ or _____ picture provided by your victim or witness
The witness may have more than one significant persons, places and things
Cognitive Interview
IMAGE; MENTAL;
You may wish to have the witness ________ for you of the crime scene and later indicate each area where the suspect was observed.
Change in perspective
Cognitive Interview
DRAW A PICTURE
Your _____ instructions with the victim or witness should be included the expectations that ______ memory requires hard work
Cognitive Interview
INITIAL; ACCESSING;
After you establish rapport, you position yourself at a ______ angle to limit eye contact which can act as a distraction during recall
Cognitive Interview
45-DEGREE
Consider to audio and/or video tape the recall session(s) for later review
Cognitive Interview
RECORD THE COGNITIVE INTERVIEW
