Cognitive Development in Infancy Flashcards

Piaget's theory; how infants learn, remember & conceptualize; language development

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1
Q

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

A

children actively construct their own world, building mental structures to adapt to it (schemes)

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2
Q

scheme

A

actions or mental representations that organize knowledge

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3
Q

assimiation

A

when children use existing schemes to deal with new information

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4
Q

accommodation

A

children’s adjustment of existing schemes in the face of new information

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5
Q

equilibration

A

mechanism Piaget propose for how children shift from one cognitive stage to the next

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6
Q

Piaget’s sensorimotor stage

A

infant organizes and coordination sensations with physical movement

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7
Q

sensorimotor substages

A

simple reflexes; first habits & primary circular reactions; coordination of secondary circular reactions; tertiary circular reactions; novelty & curiosity; internalization of schemes

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8
Q

core knowledge approach

A

Spelke - infants are born with domain-specific innate knowledge systems
Criticism: not enough attention given to infant’s early experiences

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9
Q

infantile or childhood amnesia

A

not being able to remember first 3 years of life

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10
Q

imitation (Meltzoff)

A

infants are able to match their behavior to a model (deferred imitation as early as 9 mos)

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11
Q

conceptual categories (Mandler)

A

infants don’t form conceptual categories until 7–9 mos. Over first 2 yrs of life, categories become gradually more differentiated

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12
Q

Gesell’s scale

A

used by pediatricians to distinguish normal & abnormal behavior; provides developmental quotient (DQ)
4 categories of behavior: motor, language, adaptive, personal-social

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13
Q

Bayley-III scale

A

widely used to assess infant development; five scales: cognitive, language, motor, socioemotional and adaptive

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14
Q

Fagan Test of Infant Intelligence

A

how effectively infants process information

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