Cognitive decline drugs Flashcards
When are cognitive decline drugs indicated?
Relieve symptoms of dementia and improve QOL
How does Donepezil work?
Reversible ACh esterase inhibitor
Prolongs t1/2
How does Galantamine work?
Reversible ACh esterase inhibitor
Prolongs t1/2
How does Rivastigmine work?
Reversible ACh esterase inhibitor
Prolongs t1/2
How does Memantine work?
NMDA receptor antagonist and nACh receptor antagonist
NMDA mediates glutaminergic excitotoxicity
This causes neuronal death
What is the level of severity of cognitive decline drugs?
Increasing severity: Donepezil - PO Galantamine - PO Rivastigmine - PO and trasdermal patch Memantine - PO
What are the ADRs of Donepezil?
Abnormal dreams
Hallucinations
Agitation
When is Donepezil contraindicated?
Asthma
COPD
Cardiac arrhythmias
What are ADRs or Galantamine?
Abdominal pain
Bradycardia
Depression
Decreased appetite
When is Galantamine contraindicated?
GI obstruction or disease Arrhythmias Epileptic COPD Asthma
What are ADRs of Rivastigmine?
Agitation
Anxiety
Anorexia
Worsening of Parkinson’s
When is Rivastigmine contraindicated?
GI disease
Epileptic
COPD
Asthma
What are ADRs of Memantine?
Balance disorders
Hypertension
Dyspnoea
When is Memantine contraindicated?
Epilepsy
