Cognitive area Flashcards
Key concepts
The computer, metaphor-the human mind is study by comparing it to the processes of machines and information processing models of cognition. These models are based on computer processes e.g. input processing an output
Nowadays, participants and cognitive research, maybe asked to respond to small changes on a computer screen, the studies mainly deal with abstract tasks and unreal situations
Every day applications
Artificial intelligence-research and cognitive psychology can be applied to making intelligent machines e.g. robots
Cognitive behaviour therapy people to talk to think cognitive differently about their mental health problems e.g. depression and put this into practice. Behavioural CBT is the most commonly used psychological treatment for a range of mental health problems.
Similarities
Cognitive psychologies is most connected to biological psychology in the behaviourist perspective, because of the use of controlled experiments in lab conditions
Difference
Cognitive psychology differs from the behaviourist perspective, because it considers what is going on inside the brain rather than just studying behaviour
Evaluation
Experimental research -cognitive psychology lens itself to experiment. A single variables can be isolated and tested e.g. the verb and Loftus and Palmer study. Identifying single variables enables cause and affect conclusions to be made.
Control of variables creates high internal validity, e.g. grant et als procedures were standardised, enabling replication to confirm the results.
Behaviourist perspective
Cognitive concepts, e.g. attention can be explained via operant conditioning. A reward may increase the likelihood of people paying attention to unexpected objects, such as gorilla or women with an umbrella and Simon and chabris study.
Psychodynamic perspective
Things we are not aware of may still influence our behaviour, Murray showed how effective queues EGR name can break the intentional block and move into our consciousness
Individual/situational
There is no support for situational explanations as behaviour is affected by queues in the situation e.g. leading questions, affected memory in loftus and Palmer study
Usefulness
Research has important real world applications, e.g. Loftus and Palmer. Conclusion suggest that some convictions are based on unsound eyewitness testimony.
Psychology as a science
Both Simon and chabris and moray illustrate how we can investigate internal mental processes in scientific and controlled ways. E.g. Simon and chabris use videos that were the same length and the unexpected images had the same duration.
Link between cognitive area and core studies
Core study one
 Loftus and Palmer study show us that the input process output computer metaphor can be used to explain how eyewitness testimony of an event can be affected by leading questions that lead to a reconstructed memory, e.g. participant, see the videos of car crashes, the verb reconstruct, the memory, and this affects their output( the speed estimate)
Core study, two
Grant,et al study, recall is improved when the context of learning matches the context of recall.
Core study, three
Attention is the first link in the chain of cognitive processes, such as perception and memory, so Morray study has a theoretical benefit in helping us to understand our wide cognitive systems. His researched helped us to understand better how his attentional system processes reject certain messages.
Core study 4
Simon and chabris study can influence cognitive processes, such as intentional blindness by making an intentional blindness more or less likely to occur
