Cognitive Approach - Treating Depression

Question 1

CBT

Answer 1

• Identifying and replacing irrational and negative thoughts, allowing a change in behaviour
• Involves an initial assessment, goal setting and identification of negative and irrational thoughts and homework

Question 2

Cognitive restructuring

Answer 2

Patients realise thoughts don’t match reality so schemas and perspectives change, irrational thoughts are discarded and feelings change

Question 3

Ellis (1991)

Answer 3

REBT/ ABCDE model - disputing /challenging irrational thoughts (empirical, logical or pragmatic) and creating effective new responses

Question 4

Strength of the cognitive approach to treating depression

Answer 4

• Evidence supporting effectiveness (eg. March found after 3 weeks 81% antidepressant or CBT improved and 86% combined improved)

Question 5

Limitations of the cognitive approach to treating depression

Answer 5

• Not suitable for all (eg. Sturney suggested those with learning disabilities not able to assess the complex rational thinking of talking therapy’
• High relapse rates (eg. Ali found 53% of CBT patients relapsed within a year, questioning long term effectiveness and motivation to engage)
• Success due to relationship between patient and therapist (eg. Resenweig argues talking to someone is the crucial component)