Cognitive Approach

Question 1

What is an inference?

Answer 1

act of drawing conclusion from evidence & using reasoning to assume how something is working

Question 2

What are internal mental processes?

Answer 2

processes in the mind that mediate between stimulus & response

Question 2

What is an assumptions of the cognitive approach?

Answer 2

the mind is like a computer

Question 2

What is a schema?

Answer 2

a mental structure that represent an aspect of the world, such as an object or event

Question 3

Why are schemas important?

Answer 3

means that we process vast amounts of information quickly without becoming overwhelmed by environmental stimuli

Question 4

Why can schemas be a limitation?

Answer 4

they can lead to misconceptions and stereotypes - which can be potentially risky

Question 5

What are 3 examples of mental processes?

Answer 5

memory, language, thinking

Question 6

What 2 models do cognitive psychologists us to help them understand internal mental processes?

Answer 6

1. theoretical models
2. computer models

Question 7

What does the information processing approach model suggest?

Answer 7

information flows through through the cogntive system in a sequence of stages

Question 8

What are 3 stages of the information processing approach?

Answer 8

input -> storage -> retrieval

Question 9

What does using the computer model involve?

Answer 9

involves actually programming a computer to see if such instructions produce a similar output to humans

Question 10

What is cognitive neuroscience?

Answer 10

scientific study of the influence of brain structures on mental processes

Question 11

Why has cogntive neuroscience emerged?

Answer 11

due to advances in technology like fMRI scans & EEG scan

Question 12

What research were Buckner & Petersen able to show due to cognitive neuroscience?

Answer 12

different types of long term memory may be located on opposite sides of the prefrontal

Question 13

What are 2 strengths of the cognitive approach?

Answer 13

1. scientific - uses objective methods which can be investigated using lab studies to produce reliable data
2. real life application - important contribution in AI & used within EWT

Question 14

What is a limitation of the cognitive approach?

Answer 14

based on machine reductionism - the human brain is much more complex than a computer & this model ignores the influence of human emotion & motivation