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Psychology > Cognitive approach > Flashcards

Cognitive approach Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the capacity for the sensory register?

A

very high

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2
Q

what is the encoding for the sensory register?

A

depends on the senses

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3
Q

what is the duration for the sensory register?

A

very limited

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4
Q

what is the capacity for short term memory?

A

limited

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5
Q

what is the encoding for short term memory?

A

mainly based on sound

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6
Q

what is the duration for short term memory?

A

lasts up to 30 seconds

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7
Q

what is the capacity for long term memory?

A

practically unlimited

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8
Q

what is the encoding for long term memory?

A

semantic

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9
Q

what is the duration for long term memory?

A

can last up to a lifetime if rehearsed

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10
Q

what is free recall?

A

when we retrieve information from memory without any assistance

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11
Q

what is a cued recall?

A

when we remember something with assistance of a cue

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12
Q

what is recognition?

A

when we remember something because we’ve encountered it before

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13
Q

what is a schema?

A

a mental structure containing our stored knowledge of an aspect of the world

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14
Q

what is shortening?

A

when parts of our memory doesn’t fit in your schema so it’s left out

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15
Q

what is reconstructive memory

A

when we reconstruct memories using fragments from the original event

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16
Q

what is rationalisation?

A

when parts of our memory are recalled but in a distorted way that fits our schema

17
Q

what is confabulation?

A

when parts of a memory are inverted to fill gaps

18
Q

what is cognitive priming?

A

when you see or hear a stimulus that affects your response to a later stimulus

19
Q

what is repetition priming?

A

when you encounter the prime you process it more quickly when you see or hear it again

20
Q

what is semantic priming?

A

you process faster because it’s related to a meaning

21
Q

what is associative priming?

A

the prime and later stimulus are related but not semantically

22
Q

what is a cognitive script?

A

used to describe what you have learnt and how to behave in certain situations

23
Q

what is a memory script?

A

contains knowledge of how a social situation plays out

24
Q

what is person perception?

A

when you meet someone and immediately make assumptions based on what you see

25
Q

what is a cognitive bias?

A

when there are errors in how we process information

26
Q

what is fundamental attribution error?

A

trying to explain someone’s behaviour

27
Q

what is confirmation bias?

A

when we favour information that supports a belief we already had

28
Q

what is hostile attribution bias?

A

when we wrongly interpret other peoples behaviour as threatening when it’s actually neutral

Psychology (7 decks)

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