Cognitive And Metacognitive Factors

Question 1

“an appreciation of what one already knows, together with a correct apprehension of the learning task and what knowledge and skill it requires, combined with agility to make correct inferences about how to apply one’s strategic knowledge to a particular situation, and to do so efficiently and reliably.

Answer 1

Metacognition

Question 2

according to (. ) is thinking about thinking, knowing “what we know” and “what we don’t know”

Answer 2

Metacognition
John Flavell

Question 3

Metacognitive Strategies

Answer 3

1. Connecting new information to former knowledge.
2. Selecting thinking strategies deliberately.
3. Planning, monitoring and evaluating thinking processes (Dirkes, 1985).

Question 4

Strategies for Developing Metacognitive
Behaviors

Answer 4

1. Identifying “what you know” and “what you don’t know
2. Talking about thinking
3. Keeping a thinking journal
4. Planning and self-regulation
5. Debriefing the thinking process
6. Self-evaluation

Question 5

are computer programs that are derived from a branch of computer science research called Artificial Intelligence

Answer 5

Expert Systems

Question 6

It is a computer program that attempts to simulate the way human beings solve problems - an artificial decision maker.

Answer 6

Experts system

Question 7

use knowledge to solve the problems, a practice that assesses and strengthens what they know (e.g. lawyer, doctor, teacher).

Answer 7

Human experts

Question 8

is a basic human reasoning process.

Answer 8

Analogy

Question 9

involves seeing the similarities among essentially different objects or ideas and using existing knowledge about the first set of objects to understand the other.

Answer 9

Analogical Reasoning

Question 10

is an approach to creative thinking that depends on understanding together which is apparently different using analogy or metaphor.

Answer 10

Synectics

Question 11

It is the process of discovering the links that unite seemingly disconnected elements.

Answer 11

Synectics

Question 12

refers to the ability to use learning gained in one situation and applying it to another situation.

Answer 12

Transfer

Question 13

It is defined as the extent to which learning in one situation influences learning or performance in another.

Answer 13

Transfer

Question 14

When learning carries over into new situations, it is known as

Answer 14

Transfer of learning

Question 15

2 kinds of transfer

Answer 15

Positive Transfer
Negative Transfer

Question 16

Previous learning facilitates and enhance subsequent learning.

Answer 16

Positive transfer

Question 17

Previous learnin interferes with learning something net (e.g. the inability to work on other wor problems outside of the exercises give in class)

Answer 17

Negative Transfer

Question 18

This theory asserts that skill o training gained in the study of on subject will improve the performanc of the skill in the study of anothe subject.

Answer 18

Theory of Mental discipline

Question 19

This theory formulated by
Thorndike states that the amount of transfer depends upon the identical elements present or are common in both learning situations

Answer 19

Theory of Identical Elements

Question 20

Charles Judd’s theory, experiences in one learning situation can be applied to another learning situation.

Answer 20

Theory of Generalization

Question 21

This is based on the Gestalt theory of learning. It holds that the transfer of learning from one situation to another is the result of the application of the principles of configuration.

Answer 21

Theory of Configuration

Question 22

refers to the unified or total pattern or organization of a learning situation so that the components or elements lose their identity.
The learner sees the learning situation as a whole not the parts.

Answer 22

Configuration

Question 23

The Brain has four lobes

Answer 23

1. Frontal Lobe
2. Occipital lobe
3. Temporal lobe
4. Parietal lobe

Question 24

It is responsible for motor movement, long term memory, planning and scheduling.

Answer 24

Frontal lobe

Question 25

It is responsible for vision, such as when one give focus on something.

Answer 25

Occipital lobe

Question 26

It is responsible for hearing.
When you heard something you try to analyse and understand

Answer 26

Temporal lobe

Question 27

It is responsible for sensation and bodily temperature. When one perceives something, trying to make sense of the world.

Answer 27

Parietal lobe

Question 28

Responsible for visual activities.

Answer 28

Right Hemisphere

Question 29

Responsible for analysing.

Answer 29

Left Hemisphere

Question 30

is a long bundle of nerves which serves as the means of communicating messages between the brain and the body.

Answer 30

Spinal Cord

Question 31

The spinal cord has two functions;

Answer 31

1. It controls spinal reflexes.
2. It conveys messages to and fron= the brain by means of th interneuron.

Question 32

Learning involves experience that results in a change in performance, memory and emotional state. All these aspects are represented in particular areas and pathways in the brain, different according to the type of task being learned.

Answer 32

Neurobiological Basis of Learning