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Mental Health final > cognition disorders > Flashcards

cognition disorders Flashcards

1
Q

disruption or impairment in higher-level brain functions

A

cognitive disorders

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2
Q

What are the categories of cognitive disorders?

A

delirium, dementia, amnesic disorders

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3
Q

Syndrome involving disturbance of consciousness with change in cognition
Etiology: usually from identifiable physiologic, metabolic, cerebral disturbance, disease, drug intoxication or withdrawal (see Box 24.1)

A

delirium

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4
Q

develops over a short period, sometimes a matter of hours, and fluctuates, or changes, throughout the course of the day.

A

delirium

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5
Q

What are some symptoms of delirium?

A

difficulty processing information, disorientation, impaired judgment, poor intellectual capacity, suspicious, frightened, inappropriate behavior, hyperactive with agitation & restlessness, hypoactive with apathy & restlessness, motor agitation

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6
Q

What are some causes of delirium?

A

high fever, head trauma, brain tumor, drug intoxication or withdrawal, metabolic disorders, inflammatory disorders of the CNS

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7
Q

What are some risk factors delirium?

A

age, severity of illness, terminal illness, and dementia

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8
Q

What labs and diagnostics are done delirium?

A

White Blood cell count to rule out infection.
Complete blood count with differential to check for anemia
Urine to assess for diabetes(ketoacidosis), infection, substances (benzodiazepines, alcohol…)
Electrolytes: abnormal can cause alterations in mental status
Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) and (RPR) for syphilis
Vitamin B12 can indicate malnutrition or dementia

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9
Q

What psychopharmacology treatment for delirium?

A

haldol

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10
Q

More commonly affects older adults

Gradual and progressive, irreversible decline in memory, other mental functions; affects individual’s daily life

A

dementia

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11
Q

What are the cognitive deficits with dementia?

A
  • aphasia
  • apraxia
  • agnosia
  • executive function disturbance
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12
Q

deterioration of language function (i.e. Difficulty with verbal expression.)

A

aphasia

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13
Q

impairment to execute motor functions despite intact motor abilities ( i.e. Unable to transfer to sitting position.)

A

apraxia

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14
Q

inability to recognize or name objects despite intact sensory abilities (Unable to identify a ball.)

A

agnosia

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15
Q

inability to think abstractly, to plan to initiate, to sequence and stop complex behavior ( Unable to solve a math problem.)

A

Executive Function Disturbance-

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16
Q

mild stage of dementia consists of?

A

Forgetfulness ( i.e difficulty finding words, frequently loses objects)

17
Q

moderate stage of dementia consists of?

A

confusion & Progressive Memory Loss ( i.e. Inability to perform tasks, still recognize familiar people)

18
Q

severe stage of dementia consist of?

A

personality & Emotional Changes (i.e. delusional, wander at night, forget names)

19
Q

what are the types of dementia?

A
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • Vascular dementia
  • Pick’s disease
  • Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Huntington’s disease
20
Q

abrupt onset level off) lesions on cerebral cortex and sub corticoid structures

A

Vascular dementia

21
Q

degenerative brain disease affects frontal and temporal lobe death with 2 years

A

Pick’s disease

22
Q

tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and postural instability

A

Parkinson’s disease

23
Q

inherited dominant gene (contortions, twisting turning and tongue movements)

A

Huntington’s disease

24
Q

medical management for Alzheimer’s disease?

A

Drug therapy; folic acid supplements; antidepressants; tranquilizers
Medications for degenerative dementias: Cholinesterase inhibitors (see Table 24.2): (Aricept, Exelon, Reminyl, Razadyne, Nivalin, Namenda)

25
Q

dementia treatment and prognosis

A

Cholinesterase inhibitors (see Table 24.2): (Aricept, Exelon, Reminyl, Razadyne, Nivalin, Namenda

26
Q

echoing or repeating what is heard

A

echolalia

27
Q

repeating words or sounds over and over.

A

palilalia

28
Q

making up of answers to fill in gaps in the memory.

A

Confabulation

Mental Health final (5 decks)

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