Cognition and development Flashcards
what is stage 0 socially egocentric in Selman’s levels of perspective
3-6 years. Child cannot distinguish between their own emotions and those of others. Can identify emotional states but not what caused them.
What is stage 1 social information role taking in Selman’s levels of perspective
6-8 years. Child can tell difference between their own view and that of others but can only focus on one.
What is stage 2 social reflective role taking in Selman’s levels of perspective
8-10 years. Child can fully appreciate another’s perspective but only focus on one at a time.
What is stage 3 mutual role taking in selman’s levels of perspective
10-12 years. Children can look at perspectives from another POV and their own at the same time.
What is stage 4 social and conventional role taking in Selman’s levels of perspective
12 years + Can see sometimes understanding POV is not enough to allow people to agree. Social constraints are needed to keep order.
What is Piagets sensorimotor stage
0-2 years. Child focuses on sensations and basic coordination between what they see and body movement.
Object permanence develops around 8 months.
What is Piagets pre-operational stage
2-7 years. Children cannot conserve. Children are egocentric. Children find class inclusion difficult.
What is Piagets concrete-operations stage
7-11 years. Most children can conserve and are better at egocentrism and class inclusion tasks. Can only operate on physical operations in their presence. Struggle with abstract ideas.
What is PIagets formal operations stage
11 years +. Abstract reasoning develops. Children can focus on abstract concepts and not be distracted by its content.
