Cofactors

Question 1

Name all Enz that need Biotin & their function

What inhibits absorption of raw egg?

Answer 1

• Propionyl CoA Carboxlase: convers Propionyl Coa to Methylmalonyl Coa
• ACC: Acetyl CoA—> Malonyl CoA (RLE of fatty acid synthesis)
• Pyruvate Carboxylase: Pyruvate—> OAA (Axetyl Coa is activator)
• Advin (raw egg) inhibits absorption of Biotin

Question 2

Name Enz that need Cobalamin (Vit B12) & their function

Answer 2

• Methylmalonyl Coa Mutase:
  Methymalonyl. CoA —> Succinyl Coa
• Methionine Synthase:
  L-Homocysteine and Methyl-THF —> L-methionine and THF

Question 3

Enz with Copper as Cofactor & their function

Answer 3

• Dopamine B-Hydroxylase:
  Dopamine—> Norepinephrine

- Lysyl oxidase: 
collagen synthesis (Extracellular cross-linking of collagen and elastin)

• Tyrosinase
• Cytochrome C

Question 4

Name & function of Enz that need Foloc acid as Cofactor

Answer 4

• Methionine synthase:
  L-Homocysteine and Methyl-THF—> L-methionine and THF
• Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase:
  Serine Glycine
• no enzyme name
  Histidine —> Glutamate

Question 5

Magnesium

Enz + function

Answer 5

• Ribose Phosphate pyrophoskinase (PRPP synthetase)
  Ribose 5 Phosphate—> PRPP
• Glutamine:phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase
  PRPP—> 5’phosphoribolsylamine

Question 6

Enz that requires Molybdenum

Answer 6

Xanthine Oxidase

Question 7

Enzs that need PLP + function of each Enz

Answer 7

1) Alanine aminotransferase/alanine transaminase (ALT): Alanine—> Pyrivute using a-keroglutarate to transfer the amine group to form glutamate
2) Aspartate Transaminase (AST): Aspartate–> OAA using a-keroglutarate to form glutamate
3) Tyrosine Amidotransferase (Tyrosine–>p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate)
4) Cystathionine B-synthase/y-cysthionase(cysthionine lyase): Homocysteine—>cysteine

5) DOPA decarboxylase: DOPA–> Dopamine
6) Glutamate decarboxylase: Glutamate–>GABA
7) Amino acid Decarboxylase: Histadine –> Histamine
8) Aminolevunilic Acid Synthase: Glycine + Succinyl Coa–> ALA

Question 8

Enz that need Thiamine-PP(Vitamin B1) + function

Answer 8

• branch chain a ketoacid DH: BChain keto acids–> Acyl CoA
• Pyruvate DH: Pyruvate–>Acetyl Coa
• A-KG DH: Ketoglutarate–>Succinate
• Transketolase

Question 9

Name Enz that need BH4 (Tetrahydrobiopterin)

Answer 9

• Phenylalanine Hydroxylase(PAH)
  Phenylalanine—> Tyrosine
• Tyrosine Hydroxylase
  Tyrosine—>L-DOPA
• Tryptophan Hydroxylase
  Tryptophan—> 5-Hydroxytryptophan

Question 10

Enz that need Vit C + function

Answer 10

• Dopamine B-Hydroxylase
  Dopamine—> Norepinephrine
• Prolyl Hydroxylase
• Lysyl Hydroxylase

Question 11

Enz that need Vit K + function

Answer 11

• Gamma Carboxylase (Gamma carboxylation of clotting factors II,VII,IX,X)
  Forms mature clotting factors that contain gamma carboxyglutamate

-Vit K1 (Phylloquinone in plants), Vit K2 (menaquinone) formed in intestinal bacteria

Question 12

Enz that need Zinc

Answer 12

• S-Aminolevunilic Acid DH

- Ferrochelatase

Question 13

Enz that need Iron

Answer 13

• Heme
• Cyt P450
• Heme containing Enz: NO synthase & Catalase