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4th Year Electrical > Code > Flashcards

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1
Q

Rule for marking of motors with code letters indicating suitability for use

A

2 - 404

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2
Q

Code rule for marking of Motors in hazardous locations

A

18 - 052

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3
Q

Rule for increased safety “e” motor installations

A

18-106

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4
Q

Rule for corrosion-resistant and submersible type Motors

A

22 - 102

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5
Q

Where would you find special terminology on submersible pump motor combinations?

A

Section 26 rule 26 - 950

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6
Q

What sections of the CEC are involved in motor installations?

A

2, 18, 22, 26, 28

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7
Q

Where would you find information on ventilation and ambient temp. suitability for motor installations?

A

28-016

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8
Q

What rule deals with insulation class of a motor?

A

28-104

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9
Q

What rule deals with locked rotor current?

A

28-702

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10
Q

Where do you go (in CEC) to size branch circuit conductors for motors?

A

28-106 or 28-108

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11
Q

Where do you go to size overload devices for motor branch circuits?

A

28-306

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12
Q

What are some examples of motor circuits that use low voltage release?

A

Fire pumps, heating equipment, compressors

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13
Q

What is the difference between a control device and a disconnecting means?

A

Disconnecting means: interrupt all ungrounded conductors

Control device: need only interrupt the number of lines that will make the motor stop

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14
Q

What is the rating of a control device based on?

A

The horsepower it is intended to interrupt, to interrupt current to the motor while its running

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15
Q

What portion of a motor supply conductor does rule 28-104 and table 37 refer to?

A

The last 1.2m to a motor connection box

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16
Q

What is table 44 used for?

A

Used as a guide when hp of a motor is known but manufacturer has not been decided upon or nameplate info is not readily available

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17
Q

What are two important considerations for determining the required ampacity of a motor conductor?

A

FLA rating

Service duty of the motor

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18
Q

What is visible light?

A

Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths btwn 400 and 700

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19
Q

How big is a nanometer?

A

10^(-9) meters

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20
Q

Longest and shortest wavelengths of light?

A

Long - red

Short - violet

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21
Q

As temp increases the wavelength of radiation ___________ (increase/decrease)

A

Decrease

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22
Q

Which object is hotter: a red one or a green one?

A

Green. Shorter wavelengths indicate higher temp

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23
Q

At what wavelengths does infrared radiation start?

A

700nm

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24
Q

At what wavelengths does ultraviolet electromagnetic radiation exist?

A

400nm to just under 10-⁸

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25
Q

What wavelengths occupy human vision?

A

400nm to 700nm

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26
Q

What is the Kelvin scale?

A

Temperature scale for color

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27
Q

What degrees C is 0°K?

A

Absolute 0 (-273°C)

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28
Q

What would room temp be on the Kelvin scale?

A

300° K

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29
Q

What is CCT

A

Correlated colour temperature.

Eg. Gives you an idea of what colour light a lamp produces

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30
Q

What is the CCT of daylight at noon?

A

5500°K

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31
Q

What would a blackbody heated to 5500°K look like?

A

Light as it appears in the day

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32
Q

Lower CCT values indicate ________ (warmer/cooler) colors of light

A

Warmer

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33
Q

What is CRI?

A

Colour rendering index. How well a light source reproduces the actual colours of an object

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34
Q

How may green and/or blue objects appear under light with low CRI values?

A

Green looks more yellow

Blue looks more purple

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35
Q

What are the ideal CCT values for
greens and Blues
Browns and reds

A

Greens and blues 5100 degrees Kelvin

Browns and reds 2700 degrees Kelvin

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36
Q

What is Candela?

A

Unit of luminous intensity to quantify the brightness of a light source

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37
Q

How much is 1 Candela?

A

Approximate amount of light from a standard candle.

Amount of light a black body that is 1/60 of a square centimetre radiates when it’s temperature is at 2045 degrees Kelvin

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38
Q

What is a lumen

A

Unit of measurement of luminous flux or quantity of light emitted by a light source

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39
Q

What is Lux?

A

Unit of measurement for the amount of Illumination on a given area. 1 lumen/m²

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40
Q

How much is one lumen?

A

Amount of light produced by

One candella source on an area of 1 m² that is 1m from a 1lux source.

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41
Q

How many lumens in 1 Candela light source

A

12.57 lumens

1m× 4pi×1m

42
Q

What is the efficacy of a light source measured in?

A

Lumens per watt

How effective a light source is a producing the desired light from a specific amount of power

43
Q

What percentage of the energy supplied to an incandescent lamp produces heat that is radiation beyond the visible range?

44
Q

What is the approximate efficacy of a LED screw base lamp?

A

60 to 80 lumens per watt

45
Q

What is the approximate efficacy of 9 watt to 32 Watt CFL?

A

46 to 75 lumens per watt

46
Q

What is the approximate efficacy of T8 fluorescent tube with ballast?

A

80 to 100 lumens per watt

47
Q

What is the approximate efficacy of metal halide?

A

65 to 115 lumens per watt

48
Q

What is the approximate efficacy of HPS?

A

80 to 150 lumens per watt

49
Q

What is the approximate efficacy of an incandescent lamp?

A

18 lumens per watt

50
Q

What is the approximate efficacy of quartz halogen?

A

24 lumens per watt

51
Q

Why didn’t candescent lamps use tungsten for filament?

A

Has a high melting point (3410°C) and slow rate of evaporation

52
Q

What helps to slow the evaporation of the filament and allows higher filament operating temperatures?

A

Inert gas usually argon nitrogen mix or Krypton nitrogen mix

53
Q

How do halogen lamps compared to incandescent lamps?

A

Still have tungsten element but it is contained within a transparent halogen gas-filled envelope made with quartz that can withstand the higher temperature

The halogen gases combine with the evaporating tungsten atoms from the filament and redeposit the atoms back on filament to extend its life.

Light output is whiter and less Orange.

54
Q

What types of halogen gases are used in Halogen lamps?

A

Iodine or bromine

55
Q

How do electric discharge lamps operate?

A

By establishing and maintaining a current flow through vapour. Vapor begins to emit electromagnetic radiation.

56
Q

What are the methods employed to produce visible light from vapour in an electric discharge lighting application?

A

Phosphorus to absorb invisible ultraviolet radiation and release it as visible wavelength

An increase in vapour pressure to cause the vapour to radiate at visible wavelengths

57
Q

What is a fluorescent lamp?

A

A low pressure mercury vapour lamp

58
Q

What kind of light is produced within a fluorescent lamp?

A

Ultraviolet. Made visible by a phosphor coating

59
Q

What are the basic types of fluorescent lamps?

A

Linear and compact

60
Q

Between incandescent lamps and CFLs which has higher luminous efficacy and last longer?

61
Q

What does integrated CFL mean?

A

Self-ballased

62
Q

What are the two basic types of ballasts used for fluorescent lamps?

A

Magnetic and electronic

63
Q

What are the basic functions of a ballast?

A

Provide ignition current and current limiting functions.

Magnetic uses a coil and core
Electronic uses electric circuit

64
Q

Compare magnetic and electronic ballast

A

Magnetic output frequency of 60 hertz whereas electronic is 20000 Hertz

Electronic ballasts are smaller lighter and more efficient. Also improve power factor and reduce harmonic distortion.

Magnetic ballasts produce more heat

65
Q

Which type of ballast still uses power even when the lamps are burnt out?

66
Q

What are the basic components of an electronic ballast?

A

Protective devices and line filter
Rectifier
Inverter (DC to high frequency AC)
Current limiting output

67
Q

How are ballasts rated?

A

Voltage and current with which they operate

Type and number of lamps

68
Q

What is the expected lifetime of a ballast and how does temperature affect this?

A

50000 hours. Operation above maximum rated case temperature buy even 10 degrees can cut life expectancy in half

69
Q

What does it mean when a ballast is thermally protected?

A

It has a temperature sensitive switch in the ballast disconnecting the ballast from the line when it’s temperature reaches dangerous levels

Class P also recloses the circuit when the ballast cools sufficiently

70
Q

Describe sound ratings of ballasts

A

Range from A to F with A producing the least hum.

71
Q

What types of HID lamps are commonly available?

A

Mercury vapour
Metal halide (quartz and ceramic)
High pressure sodium

72
Q

Which type of HID provides good colour rendition?

A

Ceramic tube Metal halide

73
Q

Which type of HID is used for areas where long life and low maintenance are important

A

Quartz arc metal halide

74
Q

Between mercury vapour and metal halide which requires a higher voltage to ignite the arc?

A

Metal halide

75
Q

What can replace the need for the start electrode in a metal halide lamp?

A

An ignitor which is used in the pulse type metal halide lamps

76
Q

Which type of hid lamp has no starting electrodes or resistors?

A

High pressure sodium lamps

77
Q

What level of voltage is produced in high pressure sodium lamps to strike the main arc?

78
Q

Which type of lamp initially has a white blue colour and warms up to produce a golden white glow?

A

High pressure sodium

79
Q

What type of tube is used around a high-pressure sodium lamp?

A

Pencil Thin ceramic

80
Q

Which HID has the shortest restrike time?

A

High pressure sodium

81
Q

What code AIDS in replacing fixture ballast when they become inoperative?

A

American National standards Institute application code

82
Q

What do drivers for LEDs do?

A

Change ac voltage Supply to a DC voltage with a constant-current for the operation of the LEDs

83
Q

What are low pressure sodium lamps?

A

Discharge lamps with excellent efficacy

Monochromatic yellow light making distinguishing colours difficult

84
Q

Describe the pros and cons of electrodeless fluorescent induction lighting

A

Pro extremely long lamp life

Con extremely high frequencies can interfere with radio communications

85
Q

What benefits does sulphur lighting offer?

A

High Lumen output and good light quality

86
Q

What kind of Technology produces light in a lamp that is a thin flat sheet?

A

Organic light-emitting diode

87
Q

What kind of lamp would be an FC 16 T9 CW RS?

A 
FC = CIRCULLAR
16 = OUTSIDE DIAMETER (INCHES)
T = TUBULAR SHAPE
9 = SIZE: (9/8" DIAMETER)
CW = COLOUR (COOL WHITE)
RS= STARTING (RAPID START)
88
Q

What type of lamp would be an F40 T12 CW RS

A 
Fluorescent
40 watt
Tubular
12/8 in diameter
Cool White
Rapid start
89
Q

What type of lamp would be a CF23EL/TWIST

A

Compact fluorescent
23 Watts
Electronic self ballast
Spiral twisted

90
Q

What type of lamp would be a H33 GL400DX

A 
Type H = Mercury
33 =  ANSI ballast type
GL = shape: manufactured designation
400-watt
DX= colour: Deluxe white-coated
91
Q

What type of lamp is a MH400 / RSP

A

Metal halide
400 watt
reflector spot lamp

92
Q

What kind of lab is an ms350 / C / B U / PS?

A 
High output metal halide
350 Watts
Coated
Burning position = Base up
Starting = Pulse start requires ignitor
93
Q

What type of lamp is a C250 S50/C

A

C= High pressure sodium
250 Watts
ANSI ballast Type S 50
Comfort colour

94
Q

What type of lamp is an LU250D

A

L u = high pressure sodium
250 Watts
Colour = daylight

95
Q

What does it mean when it is stated that a life expectancy of a lab is 750 hours?

A

It means that one half of the lamps will have burnt out by that point

96
Q

What type of lamps are short-lived compared to other types?

A

Tungsten filament

97
Q

What are the end of life characteristics for mercury vapour and metal halide lamps?

A

Reduce light output, blackening of the arc tube, or failure to start.

98
Q

What are the end of life characteristics four fluorescent lamps?

A

Hesitation to start or may not start each time they are energized

99
Q

What does blackening of a fluorescent lamp indicate?

A

That the electrode and may not be receiving heating current due to loose connections

100
Q

What does blackening of the arc tube in a high-pressure sodium lamp indicate?

A

Material deposits from the electrode that increase the operating temperature and the voltage required across the arc tube

101
Q

What are the end-of-life indications for a high-pressure sodium lamp?

A

On off cycling

4th Year Electrical (24 decks)

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