Cochrane Collection and Evidence Based Practises Flashcards
What is the Cochrane?
a global independent network of researchers, professionals, patients, carers and people interested in health named after the British Epidemiologist, promoting systemic reviews
What is a Systemic Review?
a review of a question that uses systemic and explicit methods to identify, select and critically appraise
Why do you do Random Trials?
more reliable results
Stages of Review
- formulate a problem
- locate and select studies
- critically appraise studies
- collect data
- analyse and present data
- interpret results
- improve and update reviews
What is Evidence-Based Health Care?
the conscientious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individuals or delivery of health services
What is Evidence-Based Clinical Practise?
the clinician uses decision-making with the best evidence available, in consultation with the patient
What is the 5 Step Model?
ask - develop a focused question
acquire - find evidence
appraise - determine validity and bias
act - apply the evidence with clinical expertise, current evidence and patient values
evaluate - evaluate effectiveness
What is Evidence-Based Medicine?
the conscientious, explicit use of current best evidence about the care of individuals using clinical expertise and evidence
Why is Evidence-Based Practise Needed? (5)
- disease levels change
- technology advances
- dif treatment philosophies
- patient expectations change
- cost-effectiveness
Why is Evidence-Based Dentistry Important?
help dentist improve patient care through informed decision making and quality of care
What are the 6 Types of Bias?
information bias
detection bias
measurement bias
selection bias
sampling bias
non-response bias
Describe Information Bias
Information - any systemic differences from the truth that arises in the collection, recall and handling
Describe 4 Types of Information Bias.
Observer - research incorrectly records data, can be influenced by expectation/belief/personal preference
Interviewer - a distortion of response related to the person interviewing e.g. social backgrounds, opinions
Recall - accuracy and recollection of participants relating to events and experiences
Reporting - information is selectively revealed or suppressed
Describe Detection Bias
the risk of outcome can be biased
- blind trials can reduce it, cant predict outcome, cant alter assessment
Describe Measurement Bias
info collected is inaccurate
