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S2 Case 5 - Heart Failure & Cardiac Arrhythmias > Coated Tablets > Flashcards

Coated Tablets Flashcards

1
Q

What is coating (the process)?

A

Process that applies a dry outer layer of material to the surface

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2
Q

What coating (layer)?

A

Outer layer of material itself

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3
Q

What are the different types of polymer film coatings?

A

Immediate release (non-functional)
Modified release (functional)

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4
Q

What is immediate release referred as?

A

Film coating

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5
Q

What did immediate release replace?

A

Sugar coating

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6
Q

Why does immediate release not modify drug release rate?

A

Dissolves rapidly

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7
Q

Which coatings fall under modified release?

A

Enteric
Release
Gastro-resistant
Extended release

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8
Q

What is the primary role of modified release?

A

To control drug release rate

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9
Q

What are the reasons for tablet coating?

A

Improve tablet friability
Protect against oxygen, moisture and light
Improve ease of swallowing
Modify drug release profile

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10
Q

Describe immediate release of a drug

A

Rapid drug release
>75% in 45min

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11
Q

Describe delayed release of a drug

A

Gastro-resistant
Protects drug from gastric degradation
Drug release into intestines

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12
Q

Describe extended release of a drug

A

Sustained release or controlled release
Releases a larger dose over a prolonged time period

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13
Q

How do you know when it’s sustained release?
On the graph

A

Decreases to zero or down

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14
Q

How do you know when it’s controlled release?
On the graph

A

Plateaus

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15
Q

Why use extended release?

A

Keep in therapeutic range longer
Reduce amount of doses
Increase patient adherence

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16
Q

What is in film coating formulation?

A

Polymer
Plasticiser
Solvent
Colourant
Wetting agent
Anti-tack

17
Q

What is semi-synthetic polymer derived from?

A

Cellulose

18
Q

What is synthetic polymer derived from?

A

Designed + assembled artificially from monomers with different side chain chemistry

19
Q

Describe the formulation for immediate release

A

Readily dissolve in H2O
= substitute OH for R group

20
Q

Describe formulation for delayed release

A

Soluble in alkaline/ neutral = small intestines
= substitute acidic groups = dissolve in alkaline environment

21
Q

Describe formulation for extended release

A

Want to dissolve slowly
= add alkyl groups (hydrophobic) + cross links

22
Q

Describe cellulose derivatives for immediate release

A

Low molecular weight
Hydrophobic methyl substitution
Abundance of hydrophilic OH groups

23
Q

Describe cellulose derivatives for delayed release

A

Phthalate esters of cellulose derivatives
Carboxyl groups

24
Q

Describe cellulose derivatives for extended release

A

High molecular weight
May be crosslinked
Abundance of hydrophobic alkyl substituents

25
Q

Which polymethacrylates are used for immediate release?

A

Aminoalkyl methacrylate copolymers

26
Q

Which polymethacrylates are used for delayed release?

A

Methacrylic acid copolymers

27
Q

Which polymethacrylates for extended release?

A

Aminoioalkyl methacrylate copolymers

28
Q

What are vinyl derivatives used for?

A

Immediate release

29
Q

What is the purpose of plasticiser?

A

Increase film flexibility, reduce brittleness

30
Q

What are examples of plasticisers?

A

Polyols - propylene glycol
Esters - diethyl phthalate
Oils - mineral oils

31
Q

What determines the ability of plasticisers?

A

Hydrogen bonding ability to bridge polymer chains

32
Q

What are the 2 types of colourants?

A

Dye
Pigment

33
Q

What is a dye?

A

Water-soluble

34
Q

What is a pigment?

A

Water-insoluble

35
Q

What are the purpose of colourants?

A

Enhance visual appearance
Aid product identification

36
Q

Why are pigments preferred over dyes?

A

Not absorbed
More photostable
High opacity

S2 Case 5 - Heart Failure & Cardiac Arrhythmias (12 decks)

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