Coasts - Landform And Formations

Question 1

Headlands and bays are formed by

Answer 1

• destructive waves

- discordant coastline

Question 2

A discordant coastline is..

Answer 2

It is made up bands of alternating rock

-soft rock and hard rock

Question 3

Stage 1 of forming headland/bays

Answer 3

Waves approaching the shore will erode the soft rock first

As it is easier

Question 4

Stage 2 of forming headland/bays

Answer 4

The soft rock recedes to form a bay

Question 5

Stage 3 of forming headland/bays

Answer 5

The hard rock is left jutting out to

-forming a headland

Question 6

Stage 4 of forming headland/bays

Answer 6

The bay is now sheltered
as the waves will waste their energy trying to erode the headlands first
-causing the destructive waves to lose energy and become constructive waves

Question 7

Stage 5 of forming headland/bays

Answer 7

• they deposit material along the coats of the bay forming a beach

Question 8

Stage 6 of forming headland/bays

Answer 8

The headland feels all the force of the destructive waves

• it will begin to recede slowly
• this will change its shape

Question 9

Stage 7 of forming headland/bays

Answer 9

• the headlands become jagged and can form caves/ arches/ stacks
• due to the constant full force of the destructive waves

Question 10

Headland

Answer 10

The part of the cliff left jutting out to sea

• on opposite sides of the bay
• made from hard rock

Question 11

Bay

Answer 11

• inward curve of the land

- made from soft rock

Question 12

Cave formation

Answer 12

-hydraulic action and abrasion cause cracks to enlarge
-causing a large hollow in the rock
Known as a cave

Question 13

Arches formation

Answer 13

• continuous erosion from the waves
• causes further damage to the cave
• until it is eroded all the way through to the other side of the headland

Question 14

Stack formation

Answer 14

• during storms or weathering (acid rain) the tops and sides if the arch will become eroded
• The arch will get wider and taller
• the arch will then become weak as their is no rock to support it
• the top of the arch collapses
• leaving one old headland jutting out to sea by itself (the stack)

Question 15

Arch definition

Answer 15

The gap in the cliff

Question 16

Stump formation

Answer 16

• the stack become eroded through hydraulic action and abrasion
• and become weak and topples over into the sea
• leaving a small piece of rock that can only be seen in shallow waters