Coasts, beeches, and estuaries Flashcards
What is the site called where the sea mixes with fresh water?
Estuary
What is a glacially carved bay called?
Fjord
(a) What is the condition of water on the Fjord floor and (b) what is it similar to?
A: Deoxygenated and cold
B: The deep ocean
What type of estuary is formed when rising sea level floods the mouth of a river?
Coastal plains estuary (or drowned river valley)
What type of estuary is formed when a bar or spit isolates a bay from the ocean?
Bar-built estuary
What is the main mineral found on white sandy beaches?
Calcium Carbonate
What is an indentation of a coastline that forms a bay called?
Coastal embayment
Where are mangroves found?
In the intertidal zone within the tropics and subtropics
What are two purposes of mangroves?
- Coastal protection (from waves and storm surges),
- Nursery for juvenile fishes,
- Timber products
- Carbon sequestration.
What is a pneumatophore?
A root of a mangrove tree; sticks up into the air and allows the tree to absorb gases directly from the atmosphere.
What is a stilt root?
A root that sticks out of the ground and holds a plant up. This is a significant feature in mangroves.
How have mangroves adapted to manage high salinity levels?
By limiting water loss through stomata regulation and expelling salt through salt glands.
What is aerenchyma?
Spongy tissue that allows air passage through plant stems. Intrinsic to aqautic plant survival.
What are two different types of mangroves?
- Red
- White
- Black
- Buttonwood
- Grey
What are Buttonwood mangroves mainly used for, by humans?
Landscaping, bonsai, and decorative purposes, due to the silvery hairs on their leaves.
