coastal management

Question 1

4 options of coastal management

Answer 1

• hold the line; maintain existing coastal defences
• advance line: build new coastal defences further out to sea
• do nothing: build no coastal defences at all and deal with problems as come
• managed retreat: allow the shoreline to move but manage it so the least damage possible occurs

Question 2

name 3 expensive hard engineering structures with a disadvantage

Answer 2

• breakwater: can be damaged in storms
• tidal barrier: extremely expensive
• tidal barrage: disrupt sediment flow

Question 3

name 6 examples of soft engineering

Answer 3

• beach nourishment: sand added to beach
• beach stabilisation; e.g. planting vegetation
• dune regeneration; creation or destruction of dunes
• land use management: e.g. creating walkways
• creating marshland:
• coastal realignment: managed retreat

Question 4

name 2 sustainable management strategies

Answer 4

• shoreline management plans - Holderness Coast

- integrated coastal zone management - Sundarbans

Question 5

what is a shoreline management plan(SMP)

Answer 5

the coastline is split into stretches using sediment cells and creating personal plans for each section without causing disruption for other section created by local authorities in the area

Question 6

what is a intergraded coastal zone management

Answer 6

considers all elements in a coastal system to protect the coastal zone in its natural state whilst allowing people to use it. decisions are re-evaluated when need be

Question 7

name 6 overall cheap hard engineering structures with a disadvantage

Answer 7

-sea wall: creates strong backwash that erodes under the wall

• revetment: create strong backwash above
• Happisburgh
• gabions: unappealing to the eye - Portland
• rip rap: can shift in storms
• groynes: can reduce the amount of sediment deposited further down the coast - Brighton, Bournemouth
• rock amour - West Bay