Coastal Environment (Case Study) Holderness Coastline Flashcards
How long is the coastline and what is the dominant rock type?
61km stretch of coastline dominated by cliffs of soft, boulder clay
What is the rate of erosion at Great Cowden?
10m/year
Where can you find headlands and wave cut platforms?
Flamborough Head
Sewerby
Where can you find slumping cliffs?
Cliffs tiered at Atwick Sands
Where can you find a beach?
Sand and pebble beach at Bridlington
Where can you find a recurved spit?
Humber Estuary, it is called Spurn Head
How much has the coastline been eroded over the past 2000 years and what has been lost?
Eroded by 4km, 30 villages lost, 80,000m^2 of farmland.
The gas terminal at Easington is only 25m from the cliff edge.
What is the defence like at Bridlington?
4.7km sea wall and timber groynes
What is the defence like at Mappleton?
£2million spent on two rock groynes and 500m revetment which protects the village and the B1242 coastal road
What are the problems with sustainability?
Groynes have increased erosion south of Mappleton, Cowden Farm at risk
No mudflats due to reduction in sediment, increased erosion along Lincolnshire coast, and flooding risk along Humber Estuary
What is the SMP for the next 50 years?
‘Hold the line’ at settlements including Bridlington, Withernsea, Hornsea, Mappleton and Easington Gas Terminal
‘Do nothing’ along less-populated stretches, not popular with owners here
Where can sand dunes be found?
Around Spurn Head
What is the defence like at Hornsea?
A concrete sea wall, timber groynes and riprap.
What is the defence like at Skipsea?
A landowner has used gabions to help protect his caravan park.
What is the defence like at Withernsea?
Groynes and a sea wall. Some riprap was placed in front of the wall after it was damaged in severe storms in 1992.
What is the defence like at Easington Gas Terminal?
Protected by a revetment. However, the defences only span about 1km, meaning the village of Easington, with its 700 people are not protected.
Also, the defences may increase erosion at the SSSIs, lagoons to the south.
What is the defence like at Spurn Head?
The eastern side is protected by groynes and riprap.
What are the challenges along Spurn Head?
In 1995, the Holderness Borough Council decided to stop trying to protect Spurn Head from erosion. This saved money and allowed the spit to function naturally, but overwashing may damage marsh environments and the coastguard station.
