Coast

Question 1

Facts about the Maldives ?

Answer 1

Group of island in Indian Ocean
~300,000 people
80% islands below 1m
Prediction - completely submerged in 50-100 years

Question 2

Economic impacts of coastal flooding ?

Answer 2

Loss of fishing industry, already in annual trading deficit of $12.5 million

Loss of tourism - tourism=30% GDP

Question 3

Environmental impacts of coastal flooding ?

Answer 3

Loss of beaches - destroys habitats & land behind vulnerable

Loss of soil - mostly shallow - ~20cm deep, floods wash it away, plants won’t grow

Question 4

Political impacts of coastal flooding ?

Answer 4

Asked JPN government to give them $60 millon to build 3m high sea wall - protecting Male

Madives pledged to become carbon neutral & encourages other government

Considering relocating Maldives to India/Australia, before Maldives is uninhabitable

Question 5

Facts about Holderness ?

Answer 5

East Yorkshire
61km long - from Flamborough (headland) to Spurn Head (spit)
Erosion rate : 1.8m per year

Question 6

Reasons for Holderness’ rapid erosion ?

Answer 6

Cliff made of boulder clay - easy to erode

Naturally narrow beaches

Groynes built at Mappleton - stops beaches from building up down the coast

Question 7

Social impacts of coastal erosion ?

Answer 7

Houses in Skipsea - risk of collapsing -property prices falled rapidly

Gas terminal at Easington only 25m away from coast - accounts for 25% of Britain’s gas supply

80,000m^2 of farmland lost annually

Question 8

Environmental impact of coastal erosion ?

Answer 8

SSSIs are at threat , e.g. Lagoon near Easington

Question 9

Coastal management of Holderness coast ?

Answer 9

Bridlington : 4.7km sea wall & wooden groynes

Mappleton : 2 rock groynes cost of £2 million

Withernsea : Sea wall, wooden groynes ,rock armour

East.Spurn Head : groynes, rock armour - also protects Humber Estuary behind it

Question 10

Problems caused by coastal management strategies?

Answer 10

Groynes prevents beaches downstream - Cowden Farm at risk of falling into sea

Reduces transportation - Humber Estuary at risk of erosion & loss of Spurn Head

Question 11

Facts about coastal habitat ?

Answer 11

Studland bay, Dorset, SW England

Heathland and sandy dunes are SSSIs/natural reserve

Question 12

Animals that live in Studland bay ?

Answer 12

Adders/grass snakes

Dartford warblers ( rare bird) / Grebes

Seahorses

Marram grass / Lyme grass

Question 13

Adaptations of a coastal habitat ?

Answer 13

Marram grass : folded leaves - reduces transpiration
and water loss

Lyme grass : waxy leaves prevent water loss

Grebes : feet far back - streamlined and fast

Snakes and lizards : thick, scaly skin prevent water loss & protects rough undergrowth of heathland

Question 14

Problems of tourism at coastal habitat ?

Answer 14

Treading on sand dunes
Fires caused by cigarettes
Littering

Question 15

Solutions to problems of tourism at coastal habitat ?

Answer 15

Placing boardwalks - guides people over habitats

Fencing off areas and planting marram grass - allow sand dunes to stabilize and recover

Signs educating tourists

National Trust provides fire beaters & educates tourists on dangers of causing fire