Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GCSE Geography 🌏 > 🌊 Coast > Flashcards

🌊 Coast Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards U.S. Geography flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

What is the coast?

A

Point at which the land meets the sea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 4 types of coastal erosion?

A
  1. Hydraulic action
  2. Abrasion/ corrosion
  3. Attrition
  4. Corrosion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is hydraulic action?

A

The sheer force of waves, especially when they trap air in cracks and holes in cliffs. When the wave retreats the air in the crack expands causing a minor explosion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is corrasion/abrasion?

A

Results from large waves hurling beach material at the cliffs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is attrition?

A

When the wages cause rocks and pebbles on the beach to bump into each other and break down in size and smooth them over

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is corrosion?

A

Certain types of rock are dissolved by acids in sea, salt water eg. Chalk and limestone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe a wave approaching the coast:

A

Circular orbit in open water
Friction with the sea bed distorts the circular orbital motion
Increasing elliptical orbit so the top of the wave moves faster
Wave begins to break
Water from the previous wave returns as the wave rushes up the beach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is swash?

A

The movement of the wave up the beach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is backwash?

A

Movement of the wave back down the beach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are 3 factors that determine the strength and power of a wave?

A
  1. Strength of the wind
  2. The length of time that the wind blows
  3. Fetch

The longer and bigger these are will result in bigger and more powerful waves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is fetch?

A

The distance of sea the wind has to cross

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 2 main types of waves?

A
  1. Destructive waves
  2. Constructive waves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the height of a constructive wave like?

A

Low in proportion to length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do constructive waves do to the beach?

A

Build them via deposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe a constructive wave’s swash and backwash:

A

Carries material up the beach in a strong swash. Material is then dumped as the weak back wash soaks into sand.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a constructive waves swash like?

A

Strong

17
Q

What is a constructive waves backwash like?

A

Weak

18
Q

When are constructive waves more common?

A

Summer

19
Q

What do destructive waves do to beaches?

A

Destroy beaches (erosion)

20
Q

What is the height of destructive waves like?

A

High and frequent in proportion to length

21
Q

Describe a destructive waves swash and back wash:

A

Waves hit the beach and the strong back wash removes the material from beach (erosion)
Weak swash

22
Q

What is a destructive waves swash like?

A

Weak

23
Q

What is a destructive waves backwash like?

A

Strong

24
Q

When are destructive waves most common?

A

Winter

25
Q

What is the rate of erosion on coasts affected by? (8)

A

Wave type
Fetch
Rock type
Weather conditions
Wind speed
Shape of the coastline
Depositional landforms
Human activity

26
Q

How are cliffs and wave cut platforms made?

A
  1. The sea attacks the cliff between high and low tide
  2. A wave cut notch develops in the zone of erosion between high and low tide
  3. The wave cut notch gets bigger and deeper through erosion, eg. Hydraulic action. There is a large area of unsupported rock above the wave cut notch
  4. The unsupported rock collapses and thus the cliff retreats. It leaves a wave cut platform and a new wave cut notch starts. The process repeats again

GCSE Geography 🌏 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions