Coagulation Cascade And Hemostasis

Question 1

What 2 things inhibit platelets?

Answer 1

• PGI2 (prostacycline)

- NO (nitric oxide)

Question 2

What 2 things inhibit thrombin?

Answer 2

• Thrombomodulin

- Heparin Sulphate

Question 3

What inhibits Fibrin?

Answer 3

Tissue plasminogen activator

Question 4

What is the 5 step in hemostasis?

Answer 4

1. Vascular spasm
2. Platelet plug formation
3. Coagulation
4. Clot retraction and repair
5. Fibrinolysis — breaking down blood clot

Question 5

Vascular spasm is a result of the release of what?

Answer 5

Endothelin

Question 6

What protein binds to platelets and causes degranulation?

Answer 6

Von willebrand factor

Question 7

What 2 chemicals secreted by the platelet causes smooth muscle to contract?

Answer 7

Serotonin and TxA2

Question 8

How do the following medications work?

A. Aspirin
B. GP IIb/IIIa antagonist
C. Clopidrogel

Answer 8

A. TXA2 inhibitor
B. Inhibit fibrinogen
C. inhibit ADP activation

Question 9

Coagulation factors are produced by what organ?

Answer 9

Liver

Question 10

What is the name of the slow pathway in the coagulation cascade AND when does the cascade begin?

Answer 10

• intrinsic pathway

- when blood is exposed to collagen

Question 11

What is the name of the fast pathway in the coagulation cascade and when does it begin

Answer 11

• extrinsic pathway

- when tissue factors are released due to damage

Question 12

What is the most common cause of inherited thrombophilias?

Answer 12

Factor V Leiden

Question 13

How do you evaluate the intrinsic coagulation pathway?

Answer 13

PTT

Question 14

How do you evaluate the extrinsic coagulation pathway?

Answer 14

INR

Question 15

What is the process of fibrinolysis?

Answer 15

Activation of plasminogen to plasmin which will breakdown fibrin

Question 16

Which platelet surface protein causes aggregation via fibrinogen cross-linking?

Answer 16

-PG IIB/IIIA

Question 17

During an acute inflammation, which organ can dramatically increase thrombopoietin?

Answer 17

Liver

Question 18

The intrinsic pathway begins with which factor?

Answer 18

Factor 12

Question 19

The extrinsic pathway begins with which factor?

Answer 19

Factor 7

Question 20

T/F: You do NOT need Von Willebrand factor to activate the coagulation cascade?

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Which test can measure the amount of fibrin degradation products (FDP) in the blood?

Answer 21

D-Dimer

Question 22

What protein is responsible for turning plasminogen into plasmin?

Answer 22

Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA)

Question 23

How long is a normal PT (INR) test?

Answer 23

12 seconds

Question 24

How long is a normal aPTT test?

Answer 24

25-39 seconds

Question 25

A deficiency in which vitamin can lead to an elevated PT time?

Answer 25

Vitamin K

Question 26

What test is used to evaluate the function of platelets?

Answer 26

Bleeding time

Question 27

Heparin works in which pathway?

Answer 27

Intrinsic pathway (PTT)

Question 28

Warfarin (Coumadin) works in which pathway?

Answer 28

Extrinsic Pathway (PT/INR)

Question 29

Which blood thinner works by antagonizing Vitamin K?

Answer 29

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Question 30

Hemarthrosis is a characteristic of which type of disorders?

Answer 30

disorders of coagulation

Question 31

Petechia is a characteristic of which type of disorders?

Answer 31

disorder of platelets

Question 32

What is the most common bleeding disorder in women?

Answer 32

Von Willebrand Disease

Question 33

What is the most common disorder of coagulation?

Answer 33

vWD

Question 34

How does vWf contribute to hemostasis?

Answer 34

vWf activates platelets and causes degranulation

Question 35

What enzyme is responsible for turning fibrinogen into fibrin?

Answer 35

thrombin