Coaching Unit Flashcards
What is the difference between a fine and gross motor skill?
A fine motor skill is a smaller movement which recruits fewer/smaller muscle groups. Whereas a gross motor skill is the recruitment of large muscle groups for a movement.
What are the three types of motor skills?
Continuous - a motor skill which has no definite beginning or end.
Serial - A combination of discrete and continuous motor skills.
Discrete - A movement which has an obvious beginning and end point.
Differentiate between a closed and an open skill
A closed skill is where the performer has the greatest control over the surroundings/environment. Whereas an open skill is where the conditions are constantly changing and the performer has limited/no control over the environment.
What are the three classifications for motor skills?
Movement precision, types of motor skills and predictability of the environment.
What are the three stages of learning?
Cognitive stage, associative stage, autonomous stage.
Give a description of the cognitive stage.
This stage is where individuals need to know how to execute the skill being learned. They watch demonstrations and identify key points. The beginners movements will often be jerky and they will make lots of errors. The player will improve rapidly.
Give a description of the associative stage.
This stage is where the individual gets the feel and idea of the movement and fewer errors are made. This stage involves refining skills rather than establishing new movements. The skill in this stage should be opened up to a game like setting.
Give a description of the autonomous stage.
The autonomous stage is where the performer can identify their own problems and adjust them accordingly/ They revolve on internal feedback as well as some external as they can perform the skill with consistency. The athlete can perform the skill at a fast or slow rate with little effort and attention.
Name the three practise methods and briefly describe each.
Blocked/random practise. Blocked is practising the one skill without changing to a different task. Random is alternating skills in the drill and varying the sequence.
Part/whole practise. Part practise is where the activity is broken down into sub components. Whole practise is where you are completing the whole skill.
Distributed/Massed practise. Distributed practise is shorter and more frequent training. Massed practise is less frequent training sessions that last for longer periods.
What is reaction time?
The delay between a stimulus and the initiation of the movement.
What are the two different types of reaction times?
Simple reaction time - one stimulus and one available response.
Choice reaction time - when the number of options/response alternatives to a stimulus increases.
What is the total response time?
Total response time = reaction time + movement time.
What is stimulus response compatibility?
When the response is more natural, the reaction time quickens.
What is anticipation and the psychological refractory time?
Anticipation is the ability to predict a likely event occurring. This links to the psychological refractory period as this is when a performer is faked out by a fake stimulus and increases the time taken to respond to the genuine stimulus.
What are the two types of external feedback?
Knowledge of results - where the feedback is about the outcome of the task.
Knowledge of performance - where the feedback is about the characteristics of performing a task.
