co-transmitters

Question 1

what are co transmitters with ACh

Answer 1

ATP and VIP

Question 2

action of ATP with ACh

Answer 2

from parasym, important in bladder
binds to P2X receptors on smooth muscle cell, causes opening of Ca channel
increases local calcium conc,
small effect

Question 3

action of VIP

Answer 3

from parasym, important in submandibular
causes vasodilation
acts at VPAC receptor, Gs
can be inhaled to treat pulmonary hypertension

Question 4

co transmitters with NA

Answer 4

dopamine, ATP, NPY

Question 5

action of ATP with NA

Answer 5

from sympathetic nerves
acts at P2X and P2Y receptors
broken down extracellularly to ADP and adenosine
can cause depolarisation and rapid contraction or a more sustained, slower contraction
faster response than NA

Question 6

action of neuropeptides

Answer 6

de novo synthesis at cell body

eg. enkephalins - morphine-like, inhibits ACh release, acts at opioid receptors

Question 7

action of NO

Answer 7

gaseous neurotransmitter
released by endothelial cells to relax smooth muscle
binds to cGMP receptors, lowers calcium and causes relaxation
from parasym

Question 8

action of neuropeptide Y

Answer 8

widespread in nervous system

alter food intake and storage, pain perception, blood pressure