CNS Tumors and Neuropsych Symptoms - Rothrock Flashcards
what is the most common met to the brain?
lung
What are the most common mets to the brain in order?
lung
breast
melanoma
GI/GU
GI/GU mets are typically (single/multiple)
single
lung, melanoma and tumors of unknown origin typically have (single/mutliple) mets
mutliple
Which two lobes are most commonly involved in mets?
frontal and parietal
What are the two types of cranial nerve tumors?
Acoustic neuroma aka schwannoma
optic nerve glioma
What is the hallmark of extradural mets to the spinal cord?
PAIN
What type of primary tumors for intradurally/extramedullary in the spinal cord?
meningiomas
What type of primary tumors form intramedullary in the spinal cord?
astrocytoma and ependyomas
T/F: there is such a thing as cancerous meningitis
true: carcinomatous meningitis
Subacute infectious meningitis is also known as…
tuberculous meningitis
What are the common causes of fungal meningitis?
cryptococcus
coccidiomycosis
What are the causes of acute bacterial meningitis?
bacterial and viral
What are the CSF findings in bacterial meningitis?
Glucose
Protein
WBC
Glucose: low to zero
Protein: high (up to a gram)
WBCs: PMNs 100s-1000s
What are the CSF findings in viral meningitis?
Glucose
Protein
WBCs
glucose: normal (>50)
protein: high (100-300)
WBCs: lymphs 50-500
What are the CSF findings in tuberculous meningitis?
Glucose
Protein
WBCs
Glucose: low: (10-40)
protein: high (100-300)
WBCs: PMNs and lymphs 100-500
What are the CSF findings fungal meningitis?
Glucose
protein
WBCs
glucose: low (20-40)
protein: high (50-150)
WBCs: lymphs 25-100
encephalitis is typically (blank) in etiology
viral
What causes sporadic enceph?
HSV1
epidemic encephalitis is (blank)-borne
insect borne
Describe the CSF in viral encephalitis?
low normal or normal; protein elevated; lymphs 10-100s
How can you Dx encephalitis via CSF?
PCR viral DNA/RNA
brain imaging
meningoencephalitis is what?
meningitis and encephalitis simultaneously
Brain abcesses are normally (singular/mixed) in bacterial etiology
mixed
What is an opportunistic infx causing brain abscesses in AIDS?
toxoplasma gondii
What are the ranges of symptoms in brain abscesses?
asymptomatic to wildly sympotmatic
What is the Tx for a brain abscess?
Abx or Abx plus surgery
What is the major cause of spinal abscesses?
Staph aureus
What is the hallmark of an epidural abscess of the spinal cord?
PAIN
T/F: spinal abscesses can be treated with or without surgery
false; neurosurgical emergency
How do you Dx toxoplasmosis?
- Serological via blood or CSF
2. Direct ID of the parasite from peripheral blood, amniotic fluid, or in tissue sections
T/F: both oocysts and tissue cysts from toxoplasma transform into tachyzoites after ingestion
true
Tachyzoites of toxoplasma localize to what type of tissue?
neural tissue and muscle
The form of toxoplasma present in tissue cysts are…
bradyzoites
T/F: tachyzoites can cross the placenta and infect the fetus
true
Are humans with toxoplasma infectious?
no, only the animal reservoirs
HIV can result in what two brain issues?
HIV dementia/encephalopathy
HIV myelopathy
What are the opportunistic neuro infections post HIV infx?
syphilitic meningitis cryptococcal meningitis toxo abscess CMV myelitis progressive multifocal encephalopathy (PML)>JC virus
