CNS Robbins QandA

Question 1

CJD can produce

Answer 1

characteristic EEG findings and sporadic type is more likely with older person and myoclonus, difficulty ambulating, forgetfulness

Question 2

In vascular dementia, what can be seen?

Answer 2

1. diffuse cortical laminar necrosis from global hypoxic events or
2. multiple lacunar infarcts or
3. embolic infarcts

Question 3

NF1 patients have propensity for developing

Answer 3

multiple nerve sheath tumors (schwannomas or neurofibromas); maybe CNS gliomas

Question 4

Duret hemorrhages have a

Answer 4

typical ventral-to-dorsal orientation and occur in the midline or PARAMEDIAN regions!!

Question 5

Remote cerebral infarction leads to

Answer 5

large cystic area resulting from resoluation of a liquefactive necrosis after vascular injury in distribution of MCA

Question 6

____ is a common antecedent to cerebral infarction?

Answer 6

Atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease

Question 7

Sparing of ____ can be seen in

Answer 7

subcortical myelin (U fibers); leukodystrophies

Question 8

Buzzwords for arteriovenous malformation?

Answer 8

tortuous vessels surrounded by gliosis!!

Question 9

Germinal matrix hemorrhage

Answer 9

1. is most common cause of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants
2. occur with neonatal problems like hypoxemia, hypercarbia, acidosis, and changes in BP
3. can extend into cerebral ventricles and into subarachnoid space
4. larger ones can lead to blood obstructing flow of CSP, producing hydrocephalus

Question 10

What is more likely to cause a contrecoup type of injury? Coup?

Answer 10

Contrecoup: moving head strikes object, force transmitted to opposite side of head, like e.g. a fall backwards producing contusions to inferior frontal lobs
Coup: injury directly adjacent to site of the blow in a stationary head

Question 11

Pick main characteristics:

Answer 11

1. Knifelike gyral atrophy of frontal and temporal lobes and relative sparing of parietal and occipital lobes
2. Pick bodies

Question 12

Tuberous sclerosis is one of

Answer 12

the phakomatoses (inherited, rare; hamartomas and neoplasms develop throughout body;
have cortical tubers (hamartomas of neuronal and glial tissue), renal cysts, subungual fibromas, cardiac rhabdomyomas

Question 13

JC papovirus can show on biopsy

Answer 13

perivascular chronic inflamm, marked gliosis, large reactive astrocytes with bizarre nuclei, intranuclear inclusions within oligodendroglia