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NCS Prep > CNS/PNS > Flashcards

CNS/PNS Flashcards

1
Q

Large myelinated:

Small myelinated:

Unmyelinated:

A

Proprioceptive (vibration,position) and motor

Autonomic, non-proprioceptive sensory (light touch, pain, temp)

Pinprick sensation

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2
Q

Cervical plexus (4 major peripheral nerves)

A

Spinal accessory
Greater occipital
Facial
Cutaneous nerves

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3
Q

Brachial plexus (5 major peripheral nerves)

A 
Axillary 
Radial 
Median 
Musculocutaneous 
Ulnar
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4
Q

Lumbar plexus (2 major peripheral nerves)

A

Femoral

Obturator

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5
Q

Sacral plexus (4 major peripheral nerves)

A

Sciatic
Common fibular
Tibial
Superior and inferior gluteal

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6
Q

Neurapraxia grade 1

Etiology

Injured tissue

Conduction

Clinical findings/recovery

A

Good prognosis, reversible damage

Minor compression

Myelin

Blocked conduction

Profound motor loss, paralysis lasting days-months, no muscle wasting

Normal to minimal sensory

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7
Q

Axonotmesis grade 2

Etiology

Injured tissue

Conduction

Clinical findings/recovery

A

Fair prognosis for recovery

Severe compression/crush

Myelin, Axon

Conduction failure

Complete motor loss with sensory involvement OR complete motor loss with normal sensation

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8
Q

Neurotmesis grade 3,4,5

Etiology

Injured tissue

Conduction

Clinical findings/recovery

A

Grade 3: nerve fiber interruption

  • transection, laceration, chemical
  • myelin, axon, endonuerium
  • conduction failure
  • complete motor/sensory loss

Grade 4: nerve fascicle damage, surgical repair required

  • transection, laceration, chemical
  • myelin, axon, endonuerium, perineurium
  • conduction failure
  • complete motor/sensory loss

Grade 5: complete transaction, recovery not possible

  • transection, laceration, chemical
  • myelin, axon, endonuerium, perineurium, epineurium
  • conduction failure
  • complete motor/sensory loss
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9
Q

Neuropathic pain scale (NPS)

Cutoff score

A

Greater than 5.53 indicates neuropathic pain

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10
Q

GBS aerobic exercise prescription

Subacute phase:

Chronic phase:

A

Low to moderate intensity

  • 40-60% of heart rate max
  • RPE: 12-13
  • 20-30 mins, 3-5 x/wk

Moderate to high intensity

  • 60-80% of heart rate max
  • RPE: 14 to 17
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11
Q

Pernicious Anemia

A

Vitamin B12 deficiency, neuropathy, weakness, changes in cognition
- post stomach sx is high risk, develop atrophic gastritis

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12
Q

Distal polyneuropathy impairments

A
  • stocking glove sensation loss
  • sensory impairments present before motor impairments
  • DTRs typically impaired
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13
Q

Korsakoff Syndrome

A
  • thiamine deficiency and excessive alcohol consumption
  • chronic version of wernicke encephalopathy
  • ataxia, incoordination, executive function, forming memory
  • alcoholism specifically can lead to peripheral neuropathy and motor/balance disorders
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14
Q

Peripheral neurogenic mechanism

Pain mechanism

A
  • moves beyond the tissue that was directly injured and is related to activation of nerves anywhere from the exit of the SC to the distal segments of the PNS
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15
Q

Erasmus GBS Outcome Score ( EGOS)

- prognostic factors

A

-based on (3): age, diarrhea preceding and strength at two weeks

poor prognosis: older age onset (over 60), diarrhea preceding the GBS, strength/disability at two weeks, need for ventilator support, rapid onset, motor response amplitude reduction to under 20% of normal

  • good predictor of independent ambulate within 6 months
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16
Q

Area of the brain associated with increased activity during the initiation of functional motor tasks

A

Amygdala

17
Q

Bells palsy

A
  • ipsilateral droop of entire face - facial nerve

Stroke contralateral droop of lower face

18
Q

DTR scale

A 
0 no response 
1+ somewhat diminished 
2+ normal 
3+ slightly hyperreflexic
4+ hyperactive
19
Q

Polymyositis

A
  • develops over 2-3 months
  • proximal muscle weakness, stiffness, trouble catching breath, swallowing
  • difficulty walking, carrying objects, climbing stairs
20
Q

Fredreichs ataxia

A
  • inherited neurodenegerative disorder
  • onset 10-15 years old
  • unsteady posture, falls, ataxia
  • scoliosis in 100%*
21
Q

Ramsay hunt syndrome

A
  • paralysis of facial nerve
  • rash in ear or mouth
  • tinnitus or pain or hearing loss in ear
22
Q

Miller fischer ( form of GBS)

A
  • areflexia, ataxia, opthalmoplegia
23
Q

Myasthenia gravis

A
  • early signs: ptosis, weakness of eye muscles, difficulty swallowing, slurred speech
  • muscle weakness, SOB after activity, improves with rest
24
Q

Common site for nerve compression due to prolonged bed rest

A
  • ulnar
  • radial
  • peroneal (sidelying)

NCS Prep (11 decks)

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