CNS Neoplasia Flashcards
Intra axial
comes from brain parencyma
Intra-dural
Inside the dura, outside medullary cavity
Clinical signs forebrain (5)
- Seizures
- behavioral changes
- circling, head pressing
- proprioceptive deficits
- Cervical pain
Clinical signs Brainstem (3)
- Altered consciousness
- Cranial nerve dysfunction
- Gait abn +/- proprioceptive deficits
Clinical signs Cerebellum (5)
- Cerebellar ataxia
- Intention tremors
- Vestibular dysfunction
- Menace deficits
- Normal vision
Clinical signs Spinal cord (3)
- +/- pain
- quadra/tetra paresis/plegia
- Decreased reflexes if at intumescence
- C6-T2
- L2-S2
Primary brain tumors
- Meningioma
- Glioma
- Choroid Plexus Tumors
- Lymphoma
- Histiocytic Sarcoma
* Goldens and Boxers
Dog older than 7 yo with first seizure
be suspicious of brain tumor
Most common feline intracranial neoplasia
Meningioma
Brain tumor tx (conservative/palliative) (3)
Conservative/Palliative
- Hyperosmolar agents
- Anticonvulsants
- Anti-inflammatory pred
Brain tumor definitive tx (6)
- Surgical debulking (can take cortex I think)
- Chemo
- Radiotherapy
- Radiosurgery
- Gene therapy
- Immunotherapy
Surgery feline meningiomas (3)
- Treatment of choice-good prog for surgery alone
- MST 21-27 months - Well encapsulated
- Often curative
Surgery Canine Meningiomas (2)
- Complete surgical excision difficult
- Radiation recommended post op (or as main tx)
- MST sx: 0.5-3.5 yrs, Radiation: ~1yr, Sx and radiation: 1.5 yrs
Surgery gliomas (2)
- Infiltrate, so debulking difficult
- Radiation typically recommended
- MST radiation alone: 6mo
Cancers that commonly met to brain (6)
- Urogenital carcinomas
- Pulmonary carcinomas
- HSA
- Malignant melanoma
- Lymphoma
- Histiocytic Sarcoma
Origin of spinal tumors (4)
- Vertebrae
- Meninges
- Parenchymal
- Vasculature
Primary vertebral cancers (ush single vert) (4)
- Osteosarc
- Lyphoma
- Fibrosarc/chondrosarc/hemangiosarc
- Multiple myeloma
Secondary vertebral tumors
- Hemangiosarcoma
- Thyroid carcinoma
- prostatic carcinoma
- mammary carcinoma
Spinal Meningioma (4)
- most common spinal cord tumor of dog
- cranial to C3-boxers overrepresented
- Tx: sx debulking & radiation
- Prog: MST w/sx 19 mo
Lymphoma (4)
- anywhere in spine
- Many are multicentric
- young FeLV+ cats
- 1/3 of spinal cord dz in cats
Lymphoma tx
- Chemo (NOT SX) MST <5-7 mo
2. Palliative (steroids)
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor
- anwhere on nerve or nerve root
- locally aggressive, rare in cats
- lameness, atrophy, pain
MPNST
- malignant, has gone into spinal cord
2. Surgical resection-prog ~1mo if in spinal cord