Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Micro High-yield PATH 2024 > CNS Infections & Meningitis > Flashcards

CNS Infections & Meningitis Flashcards

1
Q

Most common organism causing Encephalitis?

A

HSV 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

1st line investigation for encephalitis?

A

1st: CT
Then: LP (CSF PCR) to identify causes if no ICP
Gold Standard: MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

1st line Mx encephalitis

A

IV Acyclovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Causes of brain abscesses?

A

Streptococci, staphylococci, TB, fungal & parasites
In HIV pts: toxoplasmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sx and Ix for brain abscesses?

A

Sx: swinging fever, headache, LOC, confusion
Ix: MRI (ring enhancing lesion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mx brain abscesses

A

Broad spectrum Abx with anaerobic cover = IV ceftriaxone and ampicillin
Surgical drainage
Steroids
Antiepileptics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Signs of meningitis

A

Kernig’s sign - pain during knee extension past 135 degrees
Non-blanching rash - meningococcal cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Most common bacterial causes of meningitis? In neonates? Elderly?

A

Bacterial: Neisseria menigitidis, S pneumoniae,

Neonates & Elderly: Group B Strep, Listeria monocytogenes, E. coli (neonates)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Most common viral and fungal causes of meningitis?

A

Viral - enteroviruses (coxsackie, echovirus), HSV2
Fungal - Cryptococcus neoformans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ix for Meningitis

A

1st line: CT (before LP to exclude SOL if raised ICP or focal neurology)
Then blood cultures, LP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

CSF Analysis for bacterial causes?
Appearance, glucose, cell type, protein, opening pressure

A

Appearance: Turbid
Glucose: low
Cell Type: polymorphs
Protein: high
Opening Pressure: high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CSF Analysis for viral causes?
Appearance, glucose, cell type, protein, opening pressure

A

Appearance: Clear
Glucose: Normal
Cell Type: lymphocytes
Protein: high
Opening Pressure: Normal/high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CSF Analysis for TB cause?
Appearance, glucose, cell type, protein, opening pressure

A

Appearance: Clear/turbid
Glucose: Low
Cell Type:lymphocytes
Protein: high
Opening Pressure: high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

CSF Analysis for fungal causes?
Appearance, glucose, cell type, protein, opening pressure

A

Appearance: fibrin web
Glucose: normal/Low
Cell Type: lymphocytes
Protein: normal/ high
Opening Pressure: very high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Appearance of Neisseria meningitides and Listeria monocytogenes?

A

Gram-negative diplococci: meningococcal infection (Neisseria meningitidis)

Gram-positive rods / coccobacilli: listerial infection (Listeria meningitidis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mx of meningitis?

A

Resuscitate!
IV Ceftriaxone and corticosteroids
+ Ampicillin for listeria cover if neonate or elderly
+ IV aciclovir if consciousness affected to cover encephalitis

If community - IM Benpen

Micro High-yield PATH 2024 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions