CNS DRUGS Flashcards
SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRI’S)
Med Class
ANTIDPERESSANT
SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRI’S)
Therapeutic Uses
DEPRESSION
OCD
ANXIETY
EATING DISORDERS
SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRI’S)
Drug Names (Suffix / Prefix)
TALOPRAM’ / ‘OXETINE’ / ‘ZODONE’
SERTRALINE
CITALOPRAM
ESCITLAOPRAM
FLUOXETINE
VILAZODONE
SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRI’S)
Side Effects
4 S’S OF SSRI’S
SEROTONIN SYNDROME
SEX DYSFUNCTION
STOMACH ISSUES
SWOLLEN (WEIGHT GAIN)
SEROTONIN SYNDROME
TO MUCH SEROTONIN IN BRAIN
MUSCLE RIGIDITY
HIGH BP / HR
MENTAL CHANGES
TIGHT MUSCLES
SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRI’S)
Nclex Tips / Memory Tricks
SMILEY SERITONIN (INCREASE SEROTONIN IN BRAIN)
4 S’S OF SSRI’S
SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRI’S)
Patient Education
4-6 WEEKS FOR EFFECT
TAKE IN AM
DO NOT STOP ABRUPTLY / COMPLIANCE MATTERS
HEALTH DIET / REGULAR EXERCISE
DO NOT COMBINE WITH MAOIS
DO NOT TAKE WITH ST JOHN WORT - INCREASES SEROTONIN IN BRAIN - SEROTONIN SYNDROME
SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRI’S)
Nursing Admin
INCREASED SUICIDE RISK
PATIENT WHO WAS THINKING SUICIDE MAY NOW HAVE THE ENERGY TO ACTUALLY DO IT
SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRI’S)
Relevant Lab Values
??
SEROTONIN / NOREPINEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (SNRI’S) AND DOPAMINE / NOREPINHEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (DNRI’S)
Med Class
ANTIDPRESSANT
SEROTONIN / NOREPINEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (SNRI’S) AND DOPAMINE / NOREPINHEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (DNRI’S)
Therapeutic Uses
DEPRESSIVE EPISODES
FIBROMYALGIA
ANXIETY DISORDERS
DIABETIC NEUROPATHY PAIN
SEROTONIN / NOREPINEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (SNRI’S) AND DOPAMINE / NOREPINHEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (DNRI’S)
Drug Names( suffix or prefix)
BUPROPION
DULOXETINE
VENLAFAXINE
NEFAZODONE
MILNACIPRAN
SEROTONIN / NOREPINEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (SNRI’S) AND DOPAMINE / NOREPINHEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (DNRI’S)
Side Effects
INCREASED SUICIDE RISK
PATIENT WHO WAS THINKING SUICIDE MAY NOW HAVE THE ENERGY TO ACTUALLY DO IT
SEROTONIN / NOREPINEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (SNRI’S) AND DOPAMINE / NOREPINHEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (DNRI’S)
Nclex Tips / Memory Tricks
?
SEROTONIN / NOREPINEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (SNRI’S) AND DOPAMINE / NOREPINHEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (DNRI’S)
Patient Education
NO NOT CHEW / CRUSH / CUT (SWALLOW WHOLE)
4-6 WEEKS TO BE EFFECTIVE
DO NOT MIX WITH TCA’S OR MAOIS’
SEROTONIN / NOREPINEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (SNRI’S) AND DOPAMINE / NOREPINHEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (DNRI’S)
Nursing Admin
INCREASED SUICIDE RISK
PATIENT WHO WAS THINKING SUICIDE MAY NOW HAVE THE ENERGY TO ACTUALLY DO IT
SEROTONIN / NOREPINEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (SNRI’S) AND DOPAMINE / NOREPINHEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (DNRI’S)
Relevant Lab Values
?
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS (TCA’S)
Med Class
ANTIDPRESSANT
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS (TCA’S)
Therapeutic Uses
DEPRESSIVE EPISODES
BIPOLAR
OCD
NEUROPATHY
ENURESIS
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS (TCA’S)
Drug Names( suffix or prefix)
TRIPTYLINE’ / ‘PRAMINE’
AMITRIPTYLINE
PROTRIPTYLINE
NORTRIPTYLINE
AMOXAPINE
CLOMIPRAMINE
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS (TCA’S)
Side Effects
DIZZINESS
ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION
DRY MOUTH
CONSTIPATION
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS (TCA’S)
Nclex Tips / Memory Tricks
??
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS (TCA’S)
Patient Education
2-3 WEEKS TO BE EFFECTIVE
WAIT 14 DAYS AFTER STOPPING MAOIS
GET UP SLOWLY FROM BED / SITTING (ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION)
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS (TCA’S)
Nursing Admin
INCREASED SUICIDE RISK
PATIENT WHO WAS THINKING SUICIDE MAY NOW HAVE THE ENERGY TO ACTUALLY DO IT
MONITOR ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS (TCA’S)
Relevant Lab Values
??
MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOI’S)
Med Class
ANTIDPRESSANT
MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOI’S)
Therapeutic Uses
DEPRESSIVE EPISODES
BIPOLAR
OCD
NEUROPATHY
ENURESIS
MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOI’S)
Drug Names( suffix or prefix)
TIP
T - TRANYLCPROMINE
I - ISOCARBOXAZID
P - PHENELZINE
MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOI’S)
Side Effects
INCREASED SUICIDE RISK
PATIENT WHO WAS THINKING SUICIDE MAY NOW HAVE THE ENERGY TO ACTUALLY DO IT
MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOI’S)
Nclex Tips / Memory Tricks
LET ME GIVE YOU A TIP
TIP
T - TRANYLCPROMINE
I - ISOCARBOXAZID
P - PHENELZINE
MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOI’S)
Patient Education
TYRAMINE RESTRICTED DIET
CAN LEAD TO HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS - DEADLY
TAKE IN AM
UP TO 4 WEEKS TO BE EFFECTIVE
FOODS THAT CONTAIN TYRAMINE
FERMENTED PRODUCTS
CHEESE
MEATS / LIVER
OVER RIPE FRUIT
SOUR CREAM / YOGURT
MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOI’S)
Nursing Admin
DO NOT TAKE SSRIS OR TCAS WHILE ON MAOIS
MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOI’S)
Relevant Lab Values
??
BENZODIAZEPINES
Med Class
ANTI ANXIETY (ANXIOLYTICS)
BENZODIAZEPINES
Therapeutic Uses
ACUTE ANXIETY
SEDATION / MUSCLE RELAXER
SEIZURES
ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL
BENZODIAZEPINES
Drug Names( suffix or prefix)
ZOLAM’ / ‘ZEPAM’
ALPRASOLAM
LORAZAPAM
DIAZEPAM
CLONAZEPAM
BENZODIAZEPINES
Side Effects
HYPOTENSION
RESPIRATORY ARREST
APNEA
AIRWAY OCCLUSION
BENZODIAZEPINES
Nclex Tips / Memory Tricks
FLU FAST IN MY MERCEDES BENZ
BENZODIAZEPINES
Patient Education
NOT MEANT FOR LONG TERM THERAPY - LEADS TO TOLERANCE
MUST BE TAPERED
AT PM SINCE CAUSE DROWSINESS
BENZODIAZEPINES
Nursing Admin
ANTIDOTE - FLUMANZENIL
NOT MEANT FOR LONG TERM THERAPY - LEADS TO TOLERANCE
MUST BE TAPERED
AT PM SINCE CAUSE DROWSINESS
BENZODIAZEPINES
Relevant Lab Values
NORMAL O2 95-100
NORMAL RR 12-20/MIN
LITHIUM
Med Class
MOOD STABILIZER
LITHIUM
Therapeutic Uses
BIPOLAR
MOOD SWINGS (DEPRESSION / MANIA)
LITHIUM
Drug Names( suffix or prefix)
LITHIUM
LITHIUM
Side Effects
EXPECTED SIDE EFFECTS
DROWSY
WEIGHT GAIN
DRY MOUTH
LITHIUM TOXICITY >1.5 MEQL/L
TOXICITY HAPPENS BY
DEHYDRATION
DECREASED RENAL FUNCTION
DIET LOW IN NA+
DRUG INTERACTIONS (NSAIDS / THIAZIDE DIURETICS)
LITHIUM TOXICITY S/S
GI - NAUSEA / VOMITING / DARRHEA
NEURO - ATAXIA / CONFUSION / AGITATION / NEUROMUSCULAR EXCITABILITY
LITHIUM
Nclex Tips / Memory Tricks
LITHIUM IS A LONG TERM MAINTENANCE THERAPY
LITHIUM
Patient Education
DO NOT RESTRICT NA+ / H20 TO AVOID HYPONATREMIA OR DEHYDRATION
BLOOD DRAW EVERY 1-2 MONTHS - MONITOR LITHIUM LEVELS
DRY MOUTH - SUCK ON ICE CHIPS / SUGAR FREE GUM / HARD CANDY / DRINK H20
LITHIUM
Nursing Admin
BLOOD DRAW EVERY 1-2 MONTHS - MONITOR LITHIUM OTXICITY
LITHIUM
Relevant Lab Values
LITHIUM TOXICITY > 1.5
BUSPIRONE
Med Class
ANTI ANXIETY (ANXIOLYTICS)
NONBENZODIAZEPINES
BUSPIRONE
Therapeutic Uses
ANXIETY DISORDERS
BUSPIRONE
Drug Names( suffix or prefix)
BUSPIRONE
BUSPIRONE
Side Effects
?
BUSPIRONE
Nclex Tips / Memory Tricks
BUSES ARE SLOW AND SO IS BUSPIRONE
BUSPIRONE
Patient Education
DIFFERENT THAN BENZOS - DOES NOT CAUSE
DEPENDENCE
TOLERANCE
CNS DEPRESSION
WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS
BUSPIRONE
Nursing Admin
HAS SLOW ONSET - NOT FOR ACUTE ANXIETY OR PANIC ATTACKS
BUSPIRONE
Relevant Lab Values
??
PHENYTOIN
Med Class
ANTICONVULSTANT (HYDANTOINS)
PHENYTOIN
Therapeutic Uses
TONIC CLONIC SEIZURE
tonic clonic seixure
tonic state - lose conssciousness / body goes stiff / fall to floor
clonic state - limbs jerk / lose bladder control / bite tongue / difficulty breathing
PHENYTOIN
Drug Names( suffix or prefix)
PHENYTOIN
PHENYTOIN
Side Effects
GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA (GUMS PUFFY AND RED)
HYPERSENSITIVITY - STEVENS JOHNSON SYNDROME (PAINFUL RASH / FLU LIKE SYMPTOMS
PHENYTOIN
Nclex Tips / Memory Tricks
??
PHENYTOIN
Patient Education
FOR GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA
GOOD ORAL HYGIENE
SOFT BRISLTE TOOTHBRUSH
REGULAR DENTAL VISITS
FOLIC ACID SUPPS
DO NOT ABRUPTLY STOP - MAY CAUSE STATUS EPILEPTICUS (A seizure that lasts longer than 5 minutes, or having more than 1 seizure within a 5 minutes period, without returning to a normal level of consciousness between episodes is called status epilepticus.)
PHENYTOIN
Nursing Admin
TOXICITY S / S
ATAXIA
NYSTAGMUS
UNSTEADY GAIT
SLURRED SPEECH
CONFUSION
COMA
STOP IF SIGNS OF STEVENS JOHNSON ALSO
PHENYTOIN
Relevant Lab Values
THERAPEUTIC RANGE 10-20
VALPROIC ACID
Med Class
CARBOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVE