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BIOM 3090 > CNS drugs > Flashcards

CNS drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is an excitatory neurotransmitter?

A

Glutamate (NMDA)

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2
Q

What decreases the release of NMDA?

A

THC

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3
Q

What does NMDA do?

A

Increase ions from ion channel (Ca2+, Na+, K+)

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4
Q

What decreases NMDA receptor activation?

A

PCP and ethanol

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5
Q

What is an excitatory neurotransmitter that acts on NDMA receptor?

A

Glutamate

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6
Q

What do Ethanol and PCP do to NMDA receptors?

A

Decrease receptor activation

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7
Q

What is an inhibitory neurotransmitter?

A

GABA (GABAa)

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8
Q

What does GABAa do?

A

Increase Cl- conductance

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9
Q

What decreases the release of GABA?

A

THC

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10
Q

What increases the GABAa receptor activation?

A

Diazepam, Phenobarbital and Ethanol

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11
Q

What is an inhibitory neurotransmitter?

A

GABA

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12
Q

What do diazepam, Phenobarbital and ethanol do to GABAa?

A

Increase GABAa receptor activation

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13
Q

What are the 4 mixed action neurotransmitters?

A

Acetylcholine, Norepinephrine, Dopamine, and Serotonin.

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14
Q

What receptors does acetylcholine effect?

A

M/N

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15
Q

What cholinergic receptors are effected by lithium?

A

M1, M3, M5.

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16
Q

Are M2 and M4 receptors effected by lithium?

A

No.

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17
Q

What are acetylcholine M1, M3, M5 mechanisms?

A

G-protein - increases IP3, DAG, and decreases K+

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18
Q

What are acetylcholines M2 and M4 mechanisms?

A

G-protein - decreases cAMP

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19
Q

What are acetylcholines nicotinic mechanisms?

A

Ion channel - increasing Na+ and K+ conductance

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20
Q

What is an indirect agonist to acetylcholine?

A

Donepezil

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21
Q

What is an antagonist to acetylcholine?

A

Benztropine

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22
Q

What is Alzheimers disease?

A

Loss of cholinergic projection neurons (associated with memory)
Acetylcholine

23
Q

What receptors does norepinephrine effect?

A

Alpha 1, Alpha 2, Beta 1, Beta 2

24
Q

What adrenergic receptors effected by norepinephrine are also effected by lithium?

A

Alpha 1

25
Q

What mechanisms do norepinephrine alpha 1 receptors work through?

A

g-protein - increase IP3 and DAG and decrease K+ conductance

26
Q

What mechanisms do norepinephrine alpha 2 receptors work through?

A

G-protein - decrease cAMP (inhibit it)

27
Q

What mechanisms do norepinephrine Beta 1 and 2 receptors work through?

A

G-protein - increase cAMP

28
Q

What increases the release of norepinephrine?

A

Amphetamine, Tyramine, and bupropion

29
Q

What decreases the re-uptake of norepinephrine?

A

Imipramine, cocaine, and bupropion

30
Q

what decreases the metabolism of norepinephrine?

A

Phenelzine

31
Q

What alpha 2 agonist directly affects Norepinephrine? what does it do? through what mechanism?

A

Clonidine, to treat SNS withdrawal, through G-protein - cAMP inhibition

32
Q

What receptors does dopamine effect?

A

D2

33
Q

What mechanisms do dopamine D2 receptor work through

A

g-protein - decrease CA2+ (presynaptic) ,
and G-protein - increase K+ (postsynaptic)

34
Q

What increases the synthesis of Dopamine?

A

L-Dopa

35
Q

What increases the release of dopamine?

A

Amphetamine and bupropion

36
Q

What decreases the re-uptake of dopamine?

A

Cocaine and bupropion

37
Q

What decreases the metabolism of dopamine?

A

Phenelzine and selegiline

38
Q

What Is a Dopamine D2 agonist

A

Ropinirole

39
Q

What is a Dopamine D2 antagonist

A

Haloperidol and olanzapine

40
Q

What is Parkinsons disease?

A

loss of nigrostriatal dopamine projection neurons

41
Q

Excess and lack of dopamine results in what disease?

A

Schizophrenia

42
Q

What receptor does serotonin effect?

A

5HT2A

43
Q

What mechanism does serotonin 5HT2a receptor effect

A

G-protein - Increase IP3 and DAG and decreases K+ conductance

44
Q

What increases the release of serotonin

A

amphetamine

45
Q

What decreases the re-uptake of serotonin?

A

Imipramine, fluoxetine and cocaine

46
Q

What decreases the metabolism of serotonin?

A

Phenelzine

47
Q

What is a 5-HT2a agonist

A

LSD

48
Q

What is a 5-HT2a antagonist

A

Haloperidol, olanzapine

49
Q

what is reduced monoamine neurotransmission linked to?

A

Depression.

50
Q

What receptor do opioids target

A

Mu

51
Q

Are opioids pre- or post- synaptic or both?

A

Both pre- and post- synaptic

52
Q

What are opioids linked to?

A

Inhibitory G-protein

53
Q

What are Opioid agonist?

A

Heroine, morphine and methadone

54
Q

What are Opioid antagonists? aka what do u give someone ODing on opioids

A

Naloxone

BIOM 3090 (5 decks)

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