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Pharm/Pharmacotherapeutics II > CNS & Blood Infectious Disease > Flashcards

CNS & Blood Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Empiric Therapy for Bacterial Meningitis

age under 1 month

A

Ampicillin + Cefotaxime or

Ampicillin + aminoglycoside

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2
Q

Pathogens common in bacterial meningitis

age under 1 month

A

Group B Strep, E. coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella

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3
Q

Pathogens common in bacterial meningitis

age 1-23 months

A

S. pneumo, N. meningitides, Group B Strep, H. flu, E. coli

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4
Q

Empiric Therapy for Bacterial Meningitis

age 1-23 months

A

Vancomycin + Ceftriaxone/Cefotaxime

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5
Q

Pathogens common in bacterial meningitis

age 2-50 yrs

A

N. meningitides, S. pneumo

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6
Q

Empiric Therapy for Bacterial Meningitis

age 2-50 yrs

A

Vancomycin + Ceftriaxone/Cefotaxime

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7
Q

Pathogens common in bacterial meningitis

age >50 yrs

A

S. pneumo, N. meningitides, L. monocytogenes, aerobic gram neg bacilli

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8
Q

Empiric Therapy for Bacterial Meningitis

age >50 yrs

A

Vancomycin + Ampicillin + Ceftriaxone/Cefotaxime

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9
Q

Basilar Skull Fracture Empiric Therapy

A

Vancomycin + Ceftriaxone/Cefotaxime

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10
Q

Penetrating Trauma Empiric Therapy

A

Vancomycin + Cefepime/Ceftazidime/

Meropenem

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11
Q

Postneurosurgery Empiric Therapy

A

Vancomycin + Cefepime/Ceftazidime/

Meropenem

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12
Q

CSF Shunt Empiric Therapy

A

Vancomycin + Cefepime/Ceftazidime/

Meropenem

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13
Q 
Empiric Abx for Sepsis in 
Urinary Tract (Community Acquired)
A

Ceftriaxone or Ciprofloxacin/Levofloxacin

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14
Q 
Empiric Abx for Sepsis in 
Urinary Tract (Healthcare Acquired)
A

Ciprofloxacin/Levofloxacin or Ceftriaxone/Ceftazidime

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15
Q

Empiric Abx for Sepsis in Respiratory Tract (CA)

A

Levofloxacin/moxifloxacin or Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin

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16
Q

Empiric Abx for Sepsis in Respiratory Tract (HA)

A

Piperacillin/Tazobactam or
Ceftazidime/Cefepime + Levofloxacin/Ciprofloxacin or
Aminoglycoside

17
Q

Empiric Abx for Sepsis in Intraabdominal (CA)

A

Ertapenem/Tigecycline/Cipro/Levo + Metronidazole

18
Q

Empiric Abx for Sepsis in Intraabdominal (HA)

A

Piperacillin/Tazobactam or

Carbapenem

19
Q

Empiric Abx for Sepsis in Skin/Soft Tissue (CA)

A

Vancomycin or Linezolid or Daptomycin

20
Q

Empiric Abx for Sepsis in Skin/Soft Tissue (HA)

A

Vancomycin + Pip-Taz

21
Q

Empiric Abx for Sepsis in Catheter-related

A

Vancomycin

22
Q

Empiric Abx for Sepsis in Unknown

A

Pip-Taz or Ceftazidime/Cefepime or Imipenem/Meropenem with or without Vancomycin

23
Q

Beta lactams

A

AE: hypersensitivity rxn, Type I IgE mediated reaction, rash, hemolysis

24
Q

Carbapenems

A

AE: seizures (especially imipenem)

25
Q

Vancomycin

A

AE: nephrotoxic, ototoxic, red man syndrome

26
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

AE: nephrotoxic, neuromuscular blockade, ototoxic, teratogenic

27
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

AE: photosensitivity, chelation, QT prolongation, tendinitis

28
Q

Ceftriaxone Contraindications (FDA MedWatch Program)

A

Hypersensitivity

Neonates: ceftriaxone can displace bilirubin from binding to serum albumin, leading to risk of bilirubin encephalopathy

Neonates requiring calcium IV solutions: risk of precipitation of ceftriaxone-calcium

29
Q

Community acquired meningitis empiric abx

A

Ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, vancomycin

30
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

A

Common in elderly & infants

Ampicillin with or without gentamicin should be added empirically

31
Q

Start therapy ASAP when suspicion for meningitis exists

A

DO NOT withold abx for delay in lumbar puncture

32
Q

Fluconazole

A

For suspected nosocomial blood stream fungal infx

Caution: recent exposure to abx & fluconazole can cause resistance!

33
Q

Caspofungin

A

Potent against all Candida species as well as Aspergillus

34
Q

Acute Complicated UTI organisms

A

Pseudomonas, Serratia, Providencia

Pharm/Pharmacotherapeutics II (5 decks)

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