Antimicrobials Spectrum Flashcards
Penicillin G, V
Gram-positives
N. meningitidis and Treponema palladum
Aminopenicillins
H. influenzae, E. coli, L. monocytogenes, P. mirabilis, Salmonella, Shigella, enterococci
Antistaphylococcal Penicillins (penicillinase resistant)
S. aureus (NOT MRSA)
Antipseudomonal penicillins
Pseudomonas & gram negative rods
Use with a beta lactamase
Beta Lactamase inhibitors
none, except sulbactam vs. acinetobacter
1st Gen Cephalosporins
PEcK (Proteus mirabilis, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae)
2nd Gen Cephalosporins
HEN PEcKS (H. influenzae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Neisseria sp, and Serratia marcescens)
3rd Gen Cephalosporins
Better gram negative than 2nd Gen
Ceftazidime: for pseudomonas
4th Gen Cephalosporins
3rd generation coverage + Pseudomonas
5th Gen Cephalosporins
3rd generation coverage + MRSA
Aztreonam
Gram negative rods only
Carbapenems
Gram positive cocci, ESBL gram negatives, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, anaerobes
Ertapenem doesn’t cover Pseudomonas, Enterococcus, Acinetobacter
Not effective vs atypical pneumonia, Legionella, MRSA
Vancomycin
Gram positive ONLY (oral for C. difficile pseudomembranous colitis)
Aminoglycosides
Aerobic gram negatives
Tetracyclines
Broad, many gram positives (including CA-MRSA), gram negatives, toxin secreters (cholera), rickettsiae, spirochetes, mycoplasma, chlamydia, Borrelia burgdorferi, acne
Macrolides
Atypical pneumonia (Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Legionella), strep inx
Chloramphenicol
Rocky Mountain spotted fever, rickettsial infx, H. influenzae, Neisseria meningitides, S. pneumoniae
Clindamycin
Gram positives, some gram negatives, anaerobes, CA-MRSA
TMP/SMX
Pneumocystis jiroveci, Nocardia, CA-MRSA, E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Moraxella, Haemophilus, protozoal, shigella, salmonella
Fluoroquinolones
Gram negative aerobes
Respiratory FQ: S. pneumo, M. pneumo, C. pneumo, L. pneumo
Moxifloxacin: Bacteroides but not Pseudomonas
