Antimicrobials Spectrum

Question 1

Penicillin G, V

Answer 1

Gram-positives

N. meningitidis and Treponema palladum

Question 2

Aminopenicillins

Answer 2

H. influenzae, E. coli, L. monocytogenes, P. mirabilis, Salmonella, Shigella, enterococci

Question 3

Antistaphylococcal Penicillins (penicillinase resistant)

Answer 3

S. aureus (NOT MRSA)

Question 4

Antipseudomonal penicillins

Answer 4

Pseudomonas & gram negative rods

Use with a beta lactamase

Question 5

Beta Lactamase inhibitors

Answer 5

none, except sulbactam vs. acinetobacter

Question 6

1st Gen Cephalosporins

Answer 6

PEcK (Proteus mirabilis, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae)

Question 7

2nd Gen Cephalosporins

Answer 7

HEN PEcKS (H. influenzae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Neisseria sp, and Serratia marcescens)

Question 8

3rd Gen Cephalosporins

Answer 8

Better gram negative than 2nd Gen

Ceftazidime: for pseudomonas

Question 9

4th Gen Cephalosporins

Answer 9

3rd generation coverage + Pseudomonas

Question 10

5th Gen Cephalosporins

Answer 10

3rd generation coverage + MRSA

Question 11

Aztreonam

Answer 11

Gram negative rods only

Question 12

Carbapenems

Answer 12

Gram positive cocci, ESBL gram negatives, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, anaerobes

Ertapenem doesn’t cover Pseudomonas, Enterococcus, Acinetobacter

Not effective vs atypical pneumonia, Legionella, MRSA

Question 13

Vancomycin

Answer 13

Gram positive ONLY (oral for C. difficile pseudomembranous colitis)

Question 14

Aminoglycosides

Answer 14

Aerobic gram negatives

Question 15

Tetracyclines

Answer 15

Broad, many gram positives (including CA-MRSA), gram negatives, toxin secreters (cholera), rickettsiae, spirochetes, mycoplasma, chlamydia, Borrelia burgdorferi, acne

Question 16

Macrolides

Answer 16

Atypical pneumonia (Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Legionella), strep inx

Question 17

Chloramphenicol

Answer 17

Rocky Mountain spotted fever, rickettsial infx, H. influenzae, Neisseria meningitides, S. pneumoniae

Question 18

Clindamycin

Answer 18

Gram positives, some gram negatives, anaerobes, CA-MRSA

Question 19

TMP/SMX

Answer 19

Pneumocystis jiroveci, Nocardia, CA-MRSA, E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Moraxella, Haemophilus, protozoal, shigella, salmonella

Question 20

Fluoroquinolones

Answer 20

Gram negative aerobes

Respiratory FQ: S. pneumo, M. pneumo, C. pneumo, L. pneumo

Moxifloxacin: Bacteroides but not Pseudomonas