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neurology > CNS Blood and Lesions Block 5 > Flashcards

CNS Blood and Lesions Block 5 Flashcards

1
Q

anterior choroidal artery supplies

A

Internal capsule
Optic tract/lateral geniculate body (geniculocalcarine tract)
Globus pallidus

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2
Q

anterior choroidal artery occlusion

A

contralateral LL hemiplegia and decreased sensation
contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
movement issues

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3
Q

posterior communicating artery supplies

A

hypothalamus
pituitary stalk
medial thalamus

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4
Q

posterior communicating artery occlusion

A

hypothalamic infarct
hypopituitarism
medial thalamic infarct
oculomotor palsy

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5
Q

middle cerebral artery occlusion

A

contralateral motor and sensory loss of face, upper limb, and trunk
contralateral homonymous superior quadrantanopsia
contralateral homonymous inferior quadrantanopsia

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6
Q

middle cerebral artery occlusion in the dominant hemisphere

A

Gertsmann’s syndrome
aphasia

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7
Q

middle cerebral artery occlusion in the nondominant hemisphere

A

hemineglect

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8
Q

anterior cerebral artery supplies

A

olfactory tract
medial and mediodorsal frontal and parietal cortex

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9
Q

anterior cerebral artery occlusion

A

anosmia
contralateral motor and sensory deficits of lower limb and perineum
Balint’s syndrome

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10
Q

what artery gives off the recurrent medial striate artery of Heubner

A

anterior cerebral artery

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11
Q

the recurrent medial striate artery of Heubner supplies

A

head of caudate and nucleus accumbens

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12
Q

posterior cerebral artery occlusion

A

cortical blindness
contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
chorea, hemiballismus, intention tremor

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13
Q

posterior cerebral artery can lead to what 4 syndrome

A

Weber
Claude
Benedikt
Parinaud

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14
Q

Weber syndrome

A

contralateral lower face weakness
contralateral tongue deviation
ipsilateral down, out, dilated
contralateral hemiplegia/hemiparesis

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15
Q

Claude syndrome

A

ipsilateral down, out, dilated
contralateral ataxia, tremor, discoordination

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16
Q

Benedikt syndrome

A

Ipsilateral down, out, dilated
Contralateral hemiplegia/hemiparesis
Contralateral ataxia, tremor, and discoordination

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17
Q

superior cerebral artery occlusion

A

dystaxia
dysmetria
intention tremor

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18
Q

anterior communicating artery occlusion

A

bitemporal hemianopsia

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19
Q

anterior spinal artery occlusion, not in medulla

A

spinothalamic tract deficits

20
Q

artery of adamkiewicz provides collateral to what artery

A

anterior spinal artery

21
Q

anterior spinal artery occlusion in medulla

A

contralateral corticospinal deficits
contralateral medial lemniscus deficits
hypoglossal ipsilateral tongue flaccid paralysis

22
Q

posterior spinal artery occlusion

A

bilateral DCML

23
Q

corpus callosum lesion

A

transcortical apraxia causing the patient to be unable to move their L arm

24
Q

corpus callosum lesion involves what artery

A

anterior cerebral artery

25
Q

dorsolateral prefrontal lobe lesion

A

decreased attention
decreased abstract thinking
apathy

26
Q

if there is lesion in the dorsolateral prefrontal lobe, what aphasia occurs

A

Brocas

27
Q

orbitomedial prefrontal lobe lesion

A

explosive mood
withdrawn
fearful

28
Q

dominant parietal lobe lesion

A

difficulty finding location in familiar surroundings
difficulty deciding what to do first

29
Q

a large lesion in the dominant parietal lobe can cause __

A

Gerstmann syndrome

30
Q

Gerstmann syndrome involves what artery

A

middle cerebral

31
Q

Gerstmann syndrome symptoms

A

R-L disorientation
finger agnosia
acalculia
agraphia
alexia

*if alexia occur without agraphia, this involves L PCA occlusion and involves splenium of corpus callosum

*if alexia occurs with agraphia, this means the angular gyrus was involved

32
Q

nondominant parietal lobe lesion

A

anosognosia
astereognosia
constriction apraxia
hemineglect

33
Q

what occurs with parieto-occipital junction lesion

A

dorsal simultanognosia

34
Q

what occurs with dorsal simultanagnosia

A

patient lacks the ability to spatially recognize 2 or more objects at the same time

ex: patient may be unable to find a pencil on a cluttered table

35
Q

bilateral occlusion of what artery is the most common cause of dorsal simultanagnosia

A

posterior cerebral artery

36
Q

what occurs with occipito-temporal junction lesion

A

ventral simultanagnosia

37
Q

what occurs with ventral simultanagnosia

A

patient has difficulty with shape recognition and shape reproduction (can’t recognize context clues)

38
Q

occlusion of what artery is the most common cause of ventral simultanagnosia

A

posterior branches of posterior cerebral artery

39
Q

Broca aphasia involves __ lobe
Wernicke aphasia involves __ lobe

A

Broca- frontal
Wernicke- temporal

40
Q

conduction aphasia occurs when there is a deficit in connection between Wernicke and Brocas area involving what structure

A

arcuate fasciculus

41
Q

Balint’s syndrome is due to a lesion of what lobe

A

posterior parietal

42
Q

symptoms of Balint’s syndrome

A

optic ataxia
ocular apraxia
simultanagnosia

43
Q

what is prosopagnosia

A

lack of recognition by face
lack of color recognition

44
Q

prosopagnosia involves occlusion of what artery

A

posterior cerebral in fusiform gyrus

45
Q

visual agnosia

A

inability to form association between objects and identity

ex: recognizing glasses as 2 circles and a bar instead of glasses

46
Q

what is ideomotor apraxia

A

inability to carry out a simple motor command (act as if you’re brushing your teeth)

47
Q

what is ideational apraxia

A

inability to execute a sequence of actions
(pick up this pen and write your name on the paper)

neurology (11 decks)

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