CNS Blood and Lesions Block 5

Question 1

anterior choroidal artery supplies

Answer 1

Internal capsule
Optic tract/lateral geniculate body (geniculocalcarine tract)
Globus pallidus

Question 2

anterior choroidal artery occlusion

Answer 2

contralateral LL hemiplegia and decreased sensation
contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
movement issues

Question 3

posterior communicating artery supplies

Answer 3

hypothalamus
pituitary stalk
medial thalamus

Question 4

posterior communicating artery occlusion

Answer 4

hypothalamic infarct
hypopituitarism
medial thalamic infarct
oculomotor palsy

Question 5

middle cerebral artery occlusion

Answer 5

contralateral motor and sensory loss of face, upper limb, and trunk
contralateral homonymous superior quadrantanopsia
contralateral homonymous inferior quadrantanopsia

Question 6

middle cerebral artery occlusion in the dominant hemisphere

Answer 6

Gertsmann’s syndrome
aphasia

Question 7

middle cerebral artery occlusion in the nondominant hemisphere

Answer 7

hemineglect

Question 8

anterior cerebral artery supplies

Answer 8

olfactory tract
medial and mediodorsal frontal and parietal cortex

Question 9

anterior cerebral artery occlusion

Answer 9

anosmia
contralateral motor and sensory deficits of lower limb and perineum
Balint’s syndrome

Question 10

what artery gives off the recurrent medial striate artery of Heubner

Answer 10

anterior cerebral artery

Question 11

the recurrent medial striate artery of Heubner supplies

Answer 11

head of caudate and nucleus accumbens

Question 12

posterior cerebral artery occlusion

Answer 12

cortical blindness
contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
chorea, hemiballismus, intention tremor

Question 13

posterior cerebral artery can lead to what 4 syndrome

Answer 13

Weber
Claude
Benedikt
Parinaud

Question 14

Weber syndrome

Answer 14

contralateral lower face weakness
contralateral tongue deviation
ipsilateral down, out, dilated
contralateral hemiplegia/hemiparesis

Question 15

Claude syndrome

Answer 15

ipsilateral down, out, dilated
contralateral ataxia, tremor, discoordination

Question 16

Benedikt syndrome

Answer 16

Ipsilateral down, out, dilated
Contralateral hemiplegia/hemiparesis
Contralateral ataxia, tremor, and discoordination

Question 17

superior cerebral artery occlusion

Answer 17

dystaxia
dysmetria
intention tremor

Question 18

anterior communicating artery occlusion

Answer 18

bitemporal hemianopsia

Question 19

anterior spinal artery occlusion, not in medulla

Answer 19

spinothalamic tract deficits

Question 20

artery of adamkiewicz provides collateral to what artery

Answer 20

anterior spinal artery

Question 21

anterior spinal artery occlusion in medulla

Answer 21

contralateral corticospinal deficits
contralateral medial lemniscus deficits
hypoglossal ipsilateral tongue flaccid paralysis

Question 22

posterior spinal artery occlusion

Answer 22

bilateral DCML

Question 23

corpus callosum lesion

Answer 23

transcortical apraxia causing the patient to be unable to move their L arm

Question 24

corpus callosum lesion involves what artery

Answer 24

anterior cerebral artery

Question 25

dorsolateral prefrontal lobe lesion

Answer 25

decreased attention decreased abstract thinking apathy

Question 26

if there is lesion in the dorsolateral prefrontal lobe, what aphasia occurs

Answer 26

Brocas

Question 27

orbitomedial prefrontal lobe lesion

Answer 27

explosive mood withdrawn fearful

Question 28

dominant parietal lobe lesion

Answer 28

difficulty finding location in familiar surroundings difficulty deciding what to do first

Question 29

a large lesion in the dominant parietal lobe can cause __

Answer 29

Gerstmann syndrome

Question 30

Gerstmann syndrome involves what artery

Answer 30

middle cerebral

Question 31

Gerstmann syndrome symptoms

Answer 31

R-L disorientation finger agnosia acalculia agraphia alexia *if alexia occur without agraphia, this involves L PCA occlusion and involves splenium of corpus callosum *if alexia occurs with agraphia, this means the angular gyrus was involved

Question 32

nondominant parietal lobe lesion

Answer 32

anosognosia astereognosia constriction apraxia hemineglect

Question 33

what occurs with parieto-occipital junction lesion

Answer 33

dorsal simultanognosia

Question 34

what occurs with dorsal simultanagnosia

Answer 34

patient lacks the ability to spatially recognize 2 or more objects at the same time ex: patient may be unable to find a pencil on a cluttered table

Question 35

bilateral occlusion of what artery is the most common cause of dorsal simultanagnosia

Answer 35

posterior cerebral artery

Question 36

what occurs with occipito-temporal junction lesion

Answer 36

ventral simultanagnosia

Question 37

what occurs with ventral simultanagnosia

Answer 37

patient has difficulty with shape recognition and shape reproduction (can't recognize context clues)

Question 38

occlusion of what artery is the most common cause of ventral simultanagnosia

Answer 38

posterior branches of posterior cerebral artery

Question 39

Broca aphasia involves __ lobe Wernicke aphasia involves __ lobe

Answer 39

Broca- frontal Wernicke- temporal

Question 40

conduction aphasia occurs when there is a deficit in connection between Wernicke and Brocas area involving what structure

Answer 40

arcuate fasciculus

Question 41

Balint's syndrome is due to a lesion of what lobe

Answer 41

posterior parietal

Question 42

symptoms of Balint's syndrome

Answer 42

optic ataxia ocular apraxia simultanagnosia

Question 43

what is prosopagnosia

Answer 43

lack of recognition by face lack of color recognition

Question 44

prosopagnosia involves occlusion of what artery

Answer 44

posterior cerebral in fusiform gyrus

Question 45

visual agnosia

Answer 45

inability to form association between objects and identity ex: recognizing glasses as 2 circles and a bar instead of glasses

Question 46

what is ideomotor apraxia

Answer 46

inability to carry out a simple motor command (act as if you're brushing your teeth)

Question 47

what is ideational apraxia

Answer 47

inability to execute a sequence of actions (pick up this pen and write your name on the paper)