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ABA Basic Exam > CNS and PNS > Flashcards

CNS and PNS Flashcards

1
Q

Between what pressures is cerebral autoregulation maintained

A

CPP (not MAP) of 50-150

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2
Q

How does CSF flow from the lateral ventricles to the 3rd ventricle?

A

Foramen of Monro

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3
Q

How does CSF flow from the 3rd ventricle to the 4th ventricle?

A

Aqueduct of Sylvius

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4
Q

How does CSF flow out of the 4th ventricle?

A

The midline foramen of Magendie and the lateral foraminae of Luschka

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5
Q

How much does CBF change with hyperventilation?

A

1 mL / 100 g / min increase or decrease for every 1 mmHg increase or decrease of PaCO2 from 40

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6
Q

Below what value of PaCO2 is hyperventilation no longer beneficial for reducing ICP?

A

no ICP benefit below 25

can cause cerebral ischemia if PaCO2

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7
Q

What hemodynamic response is seen with brain herniation?

A

First, Cushing’s triad: HTN, bradycardia, and irregular respirations with elevated ICP

Then, hypotension when tonsilar herniation begins

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8
Q

Which anesthetics cause cerebral vasodilatation? Cerebral vasoconstriction?

A

Vasodilatation: ketamine and volatile anesthetics
Vasoconstriction: propofol, etomidate, opioids

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9
Q

What do beta agonists do to CMRO2 and CBF?

A

Increase both

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10
Q

How long does it take for extra-junctional AChRs to develop after a neurologic injury?

A

2-3 days

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11
Q

What do barbiturates do to CMRO2?

A

reduce CMRO2 - previously utilized in “barbiturate coma” for cerebral protection

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12
Q

What is the only inhaled anesthetic to increased CMRO2?

A

nitrous oxide

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13
Q

Which inhaled anesthetics cause the greatest reduction in seizures?

A

desflurane > isoflurane

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14
Q

Which inhaled anesthetic is associated with an increased risk of seizures?

A

enflurane

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15
Q

What sensory modalities do A-alpha fibers carry? A-beta? A-delta? C?

A

A-alpha - proprioception
A-beta - touch/pressure
A-delta - temperature, sharp pain
C - dull pain, temperature (warm), touch

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16
Q

Injury at what spinal level causes autonomic dysreflexia?

A

T6 or above - flushing above injury & vasoconstriction below

17
Q

What pressure is considered intracranial HTN?

A

> 15 mmHg

18
Q

Below what level of CBF does an EEG show cerebral ischemia?

A

20 mL / 100 mg / min

19
Q

Which nerve carries afferent signals mediating the oculocardiac reflex?

A

V1 - the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve

20
Q

Which nerve carries afferent signals mediating the oculocardiac reflex?

A

V1 - the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve

21
Q

Which intra-op factors are predictive of post-op delirium?

A

EBL, hct

22
Q

Which nerve carries afferent signals mediating the oculocardiac reflex?

A

V1 - the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve

ABA Basic Exam (17 decks)

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