Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PRE REG > CNS > Flashcards

CNS Flashcards

1
Q

What is first line in absent seizures?

A

Ethosuximde

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the treatment for focal seizures?

A

2 Ls to get focussed : levetiracetam
Or lamotrigine

2nd line: carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine or zonisamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

assuming a man / woman is of child bearing potential, what drug are they given in tonic-clonic, myoclonic, tonic and atoning seizures ?

A

TC: lamotrigine / levetiracetam
Myoclinic : levetiracetam
Atomic: lamotrigine
Tonic: lamotrigine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is status epilepticus?

A

A seizure >5 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What drugs are given for status epilepticus ?

A

IV Loraz if in hosp
Buccal Middaz / rectal Diaz if no resus facilities available

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the treatment for status epileticus?

A

IV loraz / buccal Midaz / rectal Diaz

Then if no response in 5-10 mins : give second dose

If no response after 2 benzos: levetiracetam / phenytoin / sodium Valpro

Still no response : phenobarbital/ general anaesthetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 3 category 1 antiepileptics ?

A

3Ps C
Phenytoin
Primidone
Phenobarbital
Carbamazepine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are category 3 antiepiletics ?

A

BELLT
birateracetem
Ethosuximide
levetiracetam
Lacosamide
Tiagabine
Vigabatrin

Pregablin
Gabapentin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are category 2 anti epileptics?

A

Valproate
Lamotrigine
Oxcarbazepine
Clobazm
Clonazepam
Perampanel
Topiramate
Rufinamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What drugs lower seizure threshold ?

A

Tramadol
Theophylline
Quinolones - floxacins
SSRIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What anti epileptics is full pack dispensing required for

A

Sodium valpro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the side effects of valproate

A

VALPROATE
Vomitting / Vit D deficiency
Alopecia
Liver dysfunction+ toxicity
Pancreatitis
Reduced sodium
Oral disorders
Agranulocytosis
Teratogenic
Encephalopathy
Suicide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which is the most teratogenic anti epileptic

A

Sodium valpro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How often is a PPP completed if on sodium valpro

A

Annually

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the therapeutic range of carbamazepine

A

4-12mg/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the therapeutic range of phenytoin

A

10/20mg/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are carbamazepine side effects

A

HANDBAG
Hyponatremia ,
Ataxia
Nystagmus
Drowsiness + depression + Vit D deficiency
Blurred vision + blood disorders
Arrhythmias
GI
Odesa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are phenytoin side effects

A

SNACHED
Slurred speech
nystagmus
Ataxia
Confusion
Hyperglycaemia + hair (facial hair) +hepatotoxic
Double vision + depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which anti epileptic is most likely to cause encephalopathy?

A

Vigabatrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which anti epileptics are most likely to cause eye problems including glaucoma

A

Vigabatrin and topiramate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What should drivers do after a fit?

A

Stop driving- single incident = stop driving for 6 months

Established epilepsy = stop for 1 year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

After a medication change how long should drivers wait?

A

6 months after last dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the risk of topiramate in unborn babies?i

A

Cleft palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which antiepilepictis have a high presence in milk?

A

PELZ
Primidone
Ethosuximide
Lamotrigine
Benzos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

If on anti epileptics should a mother breast feed ?

A

Yes - encouraged to do so

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Which antiepileptics have a suicide risk?

A

Carbamazepine , phenytoin and valproate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Which antiepileptics have a suicide risk?

A

Carbamazepine , phenytoin and valproate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is monitored while on valproate ?

A

LFTs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

In which antieplileltics should we look out for signs of blood disorders ?

A

Carbemaz
Phenytoin
Sodium valpro

Topiramate
Ethosuximide
Lamotrigine
Zonisamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Which anti epileptic is most likely to cause Steven Johnson syndrome ?

A

Lamotrigine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are some general side effects of anti epileptics

A

SLIM FAT CAT
Suicidal thoughts
Liver
Impaired bone health
Minor blood dysxasiaa
Folate deficiency
Acute psychotic (VTT)
Teratogen
Changes in weight
Antiepileptics hypersensitivity syndrome
Thrombocytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Which antiepileptics can cause withdrawal in a baby who stops breastfeeding suddenly

A

Primidone
Phenobarbital
Benzos
Lamotrigine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What foods can cause migraine

A

Chocolate and wine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is an aura

A

Visual (zig zags, flashing lights etc)
Sensory (pins and needles/numbnes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

How are Tristan’s taken for migraines?

A

Take as soon as HEADACHE part of migraine starts (not aura !!!!)
If it helps a bit then can have another after 2 hours (4 hours for naratriptan)

36
Q

When is naratriptan second dose given and under what condition?

A

After 4 hours and only if first one has helped at least a bit

37
Q

Who should NOT have Triptans?

A

Uncontrolled hypertension !!!

38
Q

What is a cluster headache

A

Intense unilateral pain 1 eye

39
Q

What is trigeminal neuralgia and how is it treated ?

A

Shock like pain in jaw / teeth / gums

  • carbamazepine
40
Q

What’s a tension headache and how is it treated?

A

tight band pain
Paracetamol

41
Q

What drug is used for migraine prophylaxis?

A

Propranolol

42
Q

Why should levodopa not be stopped abruptly?

A

Risk of NMS and rhabdomyolysis

43
Q

What are Levodopa side effects

A

Loss of appetite
Euphoric mood
Vomitting
Orthostatus hypotension
Daytime sleepiness
Oral disorders
Pathological gambling
Addiction

++ red urine

44
Q

What are the side effects of COMT inhibitors

A

Entaca = red brown urine
Tolcapone: hepatotoxic

45
Q

What are the side effects of cabergoline and brompcriptine?

A

CHEST

46
Q

What should be done if someone has off periods on levodopa?

A

Switch to MR

47
Q

What should be done if someone has off periods on levodopa?

A

Switch to MR

48
Q

How is hypotension treated in Parkinson’s?

A

Midodrine

49
Q

How is sudden onset of sleep treated in parkinsons

A

Modanifil

50
Q

What OTC medicine do MAOB inhibitors interact with

A

Phenylephidrine

51
Q

What are the 3 types of sleep disorders

A

Transient / short term / chronic

52
Q

How long should Z drugs be taken for (maximum)

A

4 weeks

53
Q

How soon does dependancy occur with Z drugs?

A

3-14 days

54
Q

What are Benzo side effects

A

SLEEPY
slurred speech
Loss of memory
Excitement
Emotional blurring
Physical dependence
Yawning

55
Q

What are Benzo side effects

A

SLEEPY
slurred speech
Loss of memory
Excitement
Emotional blurring
Physical dependence
Yawning

56
Q

Which benzos are long acting?

A

Diazepam
Nitrazepam
Flurazepam

57
Q

Which benzos are short acting and what Is the benefut / downfall?

A

Midazolam
Lorazepam
Temazepam

Less hangiver effect but more chance of withdrawal

58
Q

What is the dose of donperidone and metoclopramide ?

A

10mg TDS

59
Q

What anti emetic is use post op?

A

Ondansetron and Dez

60
Q

What is used for sickness in pregnancy

A

Diet / lifestyle
Then promethazine

61
Q

What is used for motion sickness

A

Hyoscone hydrobromode

62
Q

How long can domperidone be used for and in what age group?

A

ONE week and 12+

63
Q

What weight restriction does domperidone have?

A

35kg +

64
Q

What age group can use
Metoclopramide and how long for

A

18+ and 5days

65
Q

What is the best pain relief for an asthmatic

A

Paracetamol - NOT NSAID

66
Q

What bloods should be done for cloazapine

A

Leukocyte and neutrophils

67
Q

What is the age restriction for sumatriptan?

A

18+

68
Q

After fluoxetine is stopped how long should a patient wait before starting phenelzine?

A

5 weeks

69
Q

What are the side effects of donepezil

A

NMS

70
Q

what is the side effect of rivastigmine

A

GI

71
Q

What is a side effect associated with galantamine

A

SJS

72
Q

What drug class are midazolam and temazepam

A

Schedule 3

73
Q

How long does a fentynal patch last?

A

72 hours / 3 days

74
Q

When are ADHD meds prescribed by brand

A

When they are MR

75
Q

What drug class is methylphenidate

A

Schedule 2

76
Q

Who cannot have methylpehidate

A

Cardiomyopathy, CVD or hyperthyroid

77
Q

What are methylphenidate side effects?

A

Low weight
Low appetite
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Abnormal behaviour

78
Q

What is a sign of lisdexamfetimine toxicity

A

High then low

Hallucinations, sxcited, paranoid, wakefulness
THEN exhaustion, seizures, coma

79
Q

What antidepressant is given in someone who has had a heart attack?

A

Sertraline

80
Q

What antidepressant is given in someone who has had a heart attack?

A

Sertraline

81
Q

What antidepressant is given in children (ie under 18)

A

Fluoxetine

82
Q

At what point can you feel worse on antidepressants

A

1-2 weeks

83
Q

At what point can you feel worse on antidepressants

A

1-2 weeks

84
Q

How long should an antidepressant be trialled for

A

4 weeks, 6 in elderly

85
Q

What is the worst TCA in an overdose

A

Dosulepin

NEVER give amitriptyline and dosulepin together

86
Q

What cannot be given OTC with MAOIS

A

Psuedoephifrine

87
Q

Which benzos have a legal driving limit

A

COLD FT
Clonazepam
Oxazepamx
Lorazepam
Diazepam
Flunitrazepam
Temazepam

PRE REG (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions