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Final > Cns > Flashcards

Cns Flashcards

1
Q

repeated question about hypoglossal nerve injury what is the sign?

A

deviation of tongue to the side of the lesion

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2
Q

What is the most injured nerve in case of thrombosis in cavernous sinus?

A

Trochlear

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3
Q

Lesions to the anterior limb of the internal capsule result in what?

A

Aphasia

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4
Q

what is lost in ischaemia reperfusion cycle

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

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5
Q

diseases that have CGG and loss of function mutation ?

A

Fragile X

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6
Q

thalamus contralateral hemiparesis neglect

A

Intralaminar

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7
Q

A Drug was given to a lady after surgery and she lost consciousness and resulted in
hypotension?

A

Codeine

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8
Q

Patient symptoms were referring to meningitis i think or encephalitis , there was
meningeal irritation , he was in his 70’s , asking which empirical therapy u would
give?

A

Vancomycin ceftriaxone and ampicillin (he is >65 )

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9
Q

Into what structure do auditory afferents travel in the midbrain

A

lateral lemniscus

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10
Q

70 Mutation of HNA?

A

FXR

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11
Q

After taking 3 doses of covid vaccine a patient experienced a loss of sensation
symmetrical in the lower limb then it involved the upper limb ? He is a smoker and
recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and is on oral therapy. He has back pain and
was prescribed NSAIDS. On physical examination, he showed loss of deep tendon
reflex.

A

Peripheral demyelination

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12
Q

Pt died of acute lobar pneumonia and suffered a neurological disease (it said that
she was suffering from these neurological for a long time before) she is hypertensive
and autopsy reveals brown deposit in periventricular white white matter. What is most
likely cause for the changes seen
a. Septic infarcts to brain

A

She has ms

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13
Q

Patient is acting on his dreams + anosmia ?

A

lewy body dementia

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14
Q

What describes carpal tunnel

A

Mononeuropathy

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15
Q

75 A 78 year old right-handed male collapses and is brought from an accident to
emergency. He seems to follow clear one-step commands but he gets very frustrated
as he cannot answer questions. He is unable to lift his right hand or leg.his blood
pressure is 149/87. He takes only aspirin and furosemide. What is the most likely
diagnosis?

A

Left cortical hemorrhage

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16
Q

What connects the temporal lobes?

A

anterior commissure

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17
Q

An old lady was admitted to hospital, she was eating her lunch then suddenly
dropped the fork . She calls for the nurse who notices the left side of her face is
drooping, What is the best next course of action?

A

Urgent CT

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18
Q

What is true about stereocilia?

A

tips mediate mechanoelectrical transduction (MET)

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19
Q

Hair cell contract by what

A

K+ influx

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20
Q

What does the sulcus limitans separate

A

motor & sensory nuclei

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21
Q

During childbirth, an excessive anteroposterior compression of the head may tear the
anterior attachment of the falx cerebri from the tentorium cerebelli. The bleeding that
follows is likely to be from which of the following venous sinuses?

A

Straight sinus

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22
Q

Which part of the cerebellum is affected in the following test?

A

Cerebrocerebellum

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23
Q

Which structure is least affected by herniation of the uncus thru transtentorial notch?

A

MCA

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24
Q

Which one is not affected by pica infarction ?

A

Medial longitudinal fasciculus

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25
Q

What would be affected in disorders of brain peroxisomes ?

A

degradation of glycosphingolipids

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26
Q

Which mutation leads to leber’s congenital amaurosis ?

A

RPE-65

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27
Q

Identical twins have develop MS by which percent does they develop it ( something
like that) one twin got MS what is the chance of the other monozygotic twin from
getting it)

A

25 - 30%

28
Q

19 years old women present unconscious with lumbar CSF sample low glucose
normal protein associated with medial temporal lobes on both sides

A

HSV encephalitis

29
Q
  1. 3 yo with multiple types of seizures, absence, tonic-clonic etc, with slow waves and
    spikes
A

Lennox gastaut

30
Q

They gave CSF parameters and it was bacterial meningitis

A

Exudate over cortex

31
Q

a patient had a cardiac arrest & post-mortem examination showed a diffuse pattern
of cortical injury ,what is the most probable etiology?

A

global cerebral ischemia

32
Q

Physio question zorans note on balance, what causes activation of anterior tibialis,
abdomen, and quadriceps

A

Forward translocation of base longer than feet

33
Q

What is Sativex used for?

A

MS

34
Q

Question about someone who had difficulty in understanding speech, where is the
lesion (i think wernicke area)

A

Superior temporal gyrus

understanding speech= wernicke

producing speech= broca (frontal)

35
Q

a person came with a head injury. What is affected in medial orbital wall fracture?

A

Nasociliary nerve

36
Q

Cardinal features of parkinsons

A

Bradykinesia, Resting tremor, instability, Rigidity

37
Q

physio question about balance zoran’s note - what is involved in maintaining posture
when the head is accelerated and moved

A

lateral vestibular

38
Q

Question about a Kuwaiti lady who had a new onset of seizures and two ring
enhancing lesions on CT, and they suspect a parasitic infection how would you
confirm diagnosis?

A

Immunoblot

Cysticercosis is an infection caused by the larvae of the parasite Taenia solium. This infection occurs after a person swallows tapeworm eggs. The larvae get into tissues such as muscle and brain, and form cysts

39
Q

Which organism needs chemoprophylaxis for close contacts

A

Neisseria Meningitidis

40
Q

Elderly patient had an injury occipital region, resulting in many fissure fractures in
that area, what is most likely

A

Subdural hemorrhage

41
Q

Patient taking fluoxetine has surgery and was given a drug to relieve pain but caused
serotonin syndrome

A

Tramadol

42
Q

What makes a person enter the N2 stage ?

A

sleep spindle and k complex

43
Q

Donepezil is prescribed to Alzheimer’s patients,which increases the Ach levels, what
can be seen in normal individuals?

A

Inhibit non REM
chE inhibitors

44
Q

INNOVAR constitutes what type of drugs?

A

D2 antagonist and u-opioid agonist
mind surgeries -aware shway

45
Q

Classic Michael Jordan picture from the note, What cells are involved in reducing
background noise?

A

Wide amacrine cells

46
Q

stepping on a sharp object causes flexion of the leg on that side. What happens to
the leg on the other side?

A

an inhibitory interneuron synapses with motor neuron innervating the flexor
muscle of the leg other side

47
Q

Bilateral injury to posterior parietal lateral lobe, rostrum to primary visual cortex?

A

cannot reach objects

48
Q

What will happen i if you rotate baby’s head to the right (without titling)

A

right limbs extend, left limbs flexed

49
Q

What is involved in center surround image processing?

A

Idk

50
Q

Question about what does dopamine do in affecting basal ganglia

A

Something along the lines of inhibiting Gpi

51
Q

PDE Drugs that affect cGMP in the eye, what do they have an effect on?

A

Loss of light,darkness differentiation

52
Q

Cause of CSF flow

A

Making new CSF

53
Q

Pathogenesis of alzheimer’s disease in relation to Tau and AB42 fibres

A

Inflammatory response causing phosphorylation of Tau

54
Q

What vaccine is given before going to Hajj?

A

A,B,C and W135

55
Q

what drug is given orally daily to improve alzheimer’s cholinergic activity

A

Donepezil

56
Q

A 23 year old with double vision and diplopia which of the following investigations
indicates myasthenia gravis

A

decremental response to repetitive stimuli

57
Q

A 50 year old female with neurological symptoms and had gastric bypass surgery
what is the cause of the neurological symptoms?

A

B12 deficiency

58
Q

how does prpsc affect the normal prion prp

A

Causes conformational change of normal protein

59
Q

Question which of the following are 3rd gen cephalosporin

A

Cefuroxime

60
Q

which drug causes pseudomembranous colitis

A

C.difficile

61
Q

we dont recall the question but the answer was thalamus ventral lateral nucleus. it
probably had to do witj movement or the basal gangla. (i think it was repeated,
choreiform movemet)

A

we dont recall the question but the answer was thalamus ventral lateral nucleus. it
probably had to do witj movement or the basal gangla. (i think it was repeated,
choreiform movemet)

62
Q

repeated diagnostic test for narcolepsy

A

multiple sleep latency test

63
Q

location of cochlear nucleus repeated

A

Inferior to ICP

64
Q

quick hyponatremia treatment&raquo_space; central pontine demyelination

A

quick hyponatremia treatment&raquo_space; central pontine demyelination

65
Q

What is likely diagnosis of someone with loss of sensation and weakness first in the
arms and back, and then become worse and spread to legs

A

central cord syndrome

Final (3 decks)

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